Chap 15

Urinalysis

A test performed on urine to assess its constituents for metabolic abnormalities.

Random Urine Specimen

A urine sample collected at any time, providing a screen for visible metabolic abnormalities.

First Morning Specimen

A concentrated urine sample collected after waking, often used for urinalysis and pregnancy testing.

Timed Specimen

A collection of urine samples over a specified time, used to measure specific substances like protein and hormones.

Clean Catch Urine Sample

A urine collection method that involves stopping the stream midway to avoid contamination.

Suprapubic Aspiration

A method to collect urine directly from the bladder through the abdominal wall.

Fecal Specimen

A stool sample collected for analysis to detect intestinal infections and other digestive abnormalities.

Occult Blood Specimen

A fecal sample tested for hidden blood, often requiring a meat-free diet prior to collection.

Semen Specimen

A sample collected to evaluate sperm viability for fertility assessments.

Throat Culture

A swab taken from the throat to identify bacterial infections, particularly group A Streptococcus.

Sweat Electrolyte Test (SEs)

A test conducted to diagnose cystic fibrosis by measuring chloride and sodium levels in sweat.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Specimen

Fluid collected via lumbar puncture to assess conditions affecting the central nervous system.

Amniotic Fluid Specimen

A sample analyzed for fetal health during pregnancy, especially for lung development.

Breath Specimen

A test to diagnose gastrointestinal conditions by measuring metabolic by-products in the breath.

Saliva Specimen

A sample often analyzed to assess hormone levels and deficiencies.

Gastric Fluid

Fluid extracted to evaluate stomach acid secretion and related abnormalities.

pediatric routine urinalysis specimen collection method

soft, clear plastic bag fitted over child genital area with a diaper over it

72 hour stool specimen

used for quantitative fecal fat determination

Fecal immunochemical test (FIT)

a non-invasive test used to detect hidden blood in the stool, indicating potential gastrointestinal issues. doesn’t need a special diet

iontophoretic pilocarpine test

A diagnostic test that uses electrical stimulation to induce sweating, followed by collection of sweat for analysis to evaluate cystic fibrosis.

what is a random urine sample used to screen for

screens for obvious abnormalities in the concentration of proteins, glucose, etc

why are fecal specimens collected

to diagnose gastrointestinal disorders, screen for colorectal cancer, and evaluate intestinal health.

why are semen specimens collected

for viable sperm presence to test for fertility or success of vasectomy

why are NP specimens collected

diagnosis whooping cough, croup, pneumonia, and other upper respiratory tract infections

How many tubes are collected in CSF collection and what departments receive them

Three tubes are typically collected during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection, with each tube designated for different departments such as chemistry, hematology, and microbiology depending of policy

why is amniotic fluid collected

assess fetal health, diagnose conditions, and conduct genetic tests, monitor the baby's development and detect any potential complications.

what are findings that a 24 hour urine specimen will yeild

low levels of proteins and hormones

what are 2 methods used to induce sweating

use iontophoresis and the drug pilocarpine

equipment for collecting, preserving, and processing sweat from SE test

collected on sterile filter paper covered with parafin and handled with gloves or forceps, chloride is obtained via weight and analysis of electrical change

what is the SE test used to screen for

cystic fibrosis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia

a semen specimen must be

delivered within 30 minutes

what are stat specimen examples

CSF, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid

what test is used to diagnose whooping cough, croup, and pneumonia

NP culture

amniocentesis

needle is used to extract amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac, genetic conditions or fetal development issues.