States of matter

What is matter made up of?

Matter is made up of tiny particles

Describe the particles

The particles are in constant motion because of the energy it contains

There are forces of attraction and repulsion between the particles

there are empty spaces between the particles

What is the kinetic theory of matter

The theory dealing with motion of particles

The amount of kinetic energy held in matter is determined by

Temperature and state of matter

Speed of diffusion is determined by

Temperature

State of matter

Relative molecular mass of particles

What is an atom?

An atom is the smallest particle that cannot be broken down by chemical means

What is a molecule?

A molecule is a particle that contains two or more atoms

What is an ion?

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that can be positively charged or negatively charged

Example of diffusion in liquid

Potassium manganate (VII) crystals dissolve in water to give a uniformly purple solution

Diffusion in gases

Add a swab with concentrated hydrochloric acid and another with concentrated ammonia solution to separate ends of a glass tube and leave horizontal then particles collide and react to form a white solid, ammonium chloride

The white ammonium chloride solid is formed closer to the hydrochloric acid

Speed of diffusion calculation

Distance/time

Describe a selectively permeable membrane

It has tiny pores large enough for water to pass through but too small for the solute particles to pass through

What is Brownian Motion

Brownian motion is the constant and irregular motion of particles

How is matter converted from one state to another

Matter is converted from one state to another by changing the amount of energy of the particles