9 Biogas, composting, agricultural processing of waste (copy)

collecting go biodegradable organic waste, mechanical-biological treatment, composting, anaerobic digestion

wat is biodegradable waste according to the LAW 541/2020

subject to anaerobic or aerobic digestion

what is municipal biodegradable waste according to the law 541/2020

biodegradable waste contained in municipal waste duh

what is BIO-waste according to law 541/2020

public greenery

food kitchen waste from households, offices, canteens…

waste from food industry

types of biodegradable waste (5)

bdw from vegetation

animal bdw

food waste

sludges from wwtp

wood waste

Municipal BDW sources

maintenance grass cutting etc

separation of bdw from households

% of bdw in EU municipal waste

34

goal % of bdw in EU municipal waste is? year

65 by 2035

% how much bdw is food waste

60

how to lower food waste

lower demand for food

% of total produced food wasted

20

what to with the biodegradable waste?

fertilizer

how bdw is treated (2)

composting

anaerobic digestion

how is biogas created

anaerobic digestion

separate BDW collection (4)

collection yards

bulk containers

bags

waste collection containers

BDW method of collecting it from the collection places (2)

delivery

collection

the 3R heslo

reduce, redistribute, repurpose

why can treating bdw be hard - reasons (4)

contamination by non bdw

large variety of inputs

collection of bdw

complicated legislative for handling bdw

proper treatment of green bdw (grass, twigs etc)

composting

anaerobic digestion

proper treatment of wood bdw

composting

fuel from biomass

source for wood industry

\

proper treatment of animal produced bdw

anaerobic digestion

incineration

SLUDGES proper treatment

composting

land farming

Composting principle, result?

biodegradation of organic materials resulting into hummus

Municipal composting principle?

system of collection and treatment of bdw

self temperature when composting

(which also leads to production of organic acids and CO2)

60-80°C

composting reduction in volumne % and weight %

50

what organisms compost the compost

1 mesophilic organisms kill themselves

2 fungi

3 mesophilic organisms repopulate

result of composting

(C:N, pH, color, particle size, texture, humus amount, exchange capacity)

C:N ratio decreases

pH neutralizes

dark brown

smaller particles

soil like texture

humus increases

exchange capacity increases

Anaerobic digestion phases (3) temperature °C

thermophylic 50-60

mesophylic 35-40

psychrophilic 15-20

anaerobic digestion products (5)

digestate = rotten substrate

biogas = methane, CO2

electricity from biogas

thermal energy from biogas

flue gas = CO2

Mechanical Biological Treatment MBT of municipal waste facilities function

process mixed household waste

process commercial and industrial waste

goal of MBT facilities

recover recyclable materials

separate waste