A History of Western Society Chapter 24

The Boxer Rebellion was

a rebellion of traditionalist Chinese patriots who wished to expel all Westerners from China

Native opponents to European colonial rule drew on all of the following except

the Christian call for love and charity.

By 1890, how had Japan met the challenge of Western expansion?

Japan selectively adopted those elements of Western society that were in keeping with Japanese tradition.

How was the flow of goods directed around the globe?

By new communication systems, such as the telegraph, that could direct ships from port to port

The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885

set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial powers.

How did the British have access to the opium that they smuggled into China?

Opium was grown legally in British-occupied India.

Jews made up one of the immigrant groups least likely to return to their native land, primarily because of

discrimination in eastern Europe.

In his book Imperialism, J. A. Hobson maintained all of the following except

imperialism violated Christian morals and ethics.

In the nineteenth century, the archipelago that is today Indonesia came under the domination of

Holland.

How did some British women seek to affect British colonialism in India?

They worked to improve the lives of Indian women, moving them closer to Western standards through education and legislation.

Which of the following best characterizes the new imperialism?

It resembled the old European colonial empires of the seventeenth century.

The principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory after the Berlin Conference was known as

effective occupation

After 1860, why did foreign aggression diminish in China until near the end of the century?

Europeans had obtained their primary goal of commercial and diplomatic relations

The largest share of European foreign investment went to

European states, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and Latin America.

Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to

the white race's supposed duty to civilize inferior, nonwhite races.

Why did Great Britain choose to seize land in Africa and Asia in the late nineteenth century?

Great Britain feared that France and Germany would seal off their empires with high tariffs, and Great Britain would lose future economic opportunities.

How did Muhammad Ali finance his modernization of Egyptian society?

He forced farmers to become tenants of large, private landowners who adopted commercial agriculture.

Ismail transformed Egypt in all of the following ways except

he refused to borrow money from Western banks.

Which of the following best characterizes the economic gains of the new imperialism?

The gains were limited because the new colonies were too poor to buy European goods and offered few immediately profitable investments.

Why did the Western world fashion the global economic system?

So that the largest share of gains from trade, technology, and migration would flow to the West and its propertied classes

Migration out of Europe often followed what pattern

Families and friends would coordinate their migrations so that they would settle together in a new land.

How did the Union of South Africa function differently than any other territory in Africa?

It functioned as a largely "self-governing" colony.

What new model for European expansion did Britain establish in Egypt?

A combination of military force, political domination, and an ideology of beneficial reform

The typical European immigrant was

a small farmer or skilled craftsperson.

In the 1880s, America and Australia passed laws to control immigration in order to keep

Asians from immigrating to their lands.

What idea did Heinrich von Treitschke promote in relationship to colonies?

Colonies were essential to great nations, who would weaken without colonial lands.

In most European countries, how was out-migration related to population growth in the late nineteenth century?

Out-migration increased after rapid population growth, as land became scarce.

How did the building of railroads in Latin America, Asia, and Africa facilitate Western economic interests as opposed to regional economic interests?

Railroad lines connected cities to seaports to facilitate Western trade but did not link inland cities to each other.

Japan opened its shores to Western trade

in response to U.S. military pressure.

What was Britain's decisive advantage in its war with China?

Britain had control of the seas.

The all-important goal of the architects of the Meiji Restoration was to

meet the threat posed by outside powers.

How did Muhammad Ali reorganize the Egyptian army?

He drafted peasants and hired French and Italian army officers to train the recruits and their Turkish officers.

In the 1880's, America and Austria passed laws to control immigration in order to keep

Asians from immigrating to their land.