BMIS 3040 Final

Patrick/ Ulifias/ Thomas

Thomas ended up in India, and their still Xians there today who call themselves "Thomas' Xians."

Ulfilas began non-roman Christianity; his wife was a slave to the Goths; he was a bi-cultural bridge; he translated the Bible into Goth but also created the Goth alphabet.

Patrick shrouded in legend and sainted 2 centuries after death

Nestorianism

Christ split into two persons; he was fully human and fully divine. Christ is both the son of God and the man Jesus. Spread Christianity to China.

Alopen

Bishop who brought Nestorian Christianity to China.

Xian and Hsianful Monument

Evidence of early Xianity in China dating back to 781

Ignatius of Loyola

who founded the Jesuits

Francis Xavier

Jesuit sent to Japan in 1542. Highly respected the Japanese people are sought to refine, steer, and build upon.

Roberto di Nobili

The Jesuit missionary who went to India and adopted Indian culture. He pursued the higher classes of Hindus

Matteo Ricci

Italian Jesuit missionary who went to China and amazed the emperor with his clock work so he was allowed to stay.

Alessandro Valignano

Italian Jesuit who built on Xavier's work in Japan. Adapted to local customs by dressing Japanese. Invited Japanese west and ordained local priesthood.

Jakob Spener

Wrote 'Pia Desideria'. Wanted to gather people who were deeply concerned for their salvation.

Plutschau

first commissioned in Protestant missions to Tranquebar, India; supported by Danish-Halle mission

Ziegenbalg

started to translate NT and OT but died before its completion

Hans Egede

Priest who went to Greenland where he encountered difficulty with eskimo language and superstition. Made breakthroughs due to their kindness. His son Paul made the biggest breakthrough.

Christian David

Moravian who went to Greenland in 1733 thinking that Edge was about leave

Zinzendorf

Leader of the Morvians. Land called Hernhut that became a home for Morvian refugees and a place from which to send missionaries.

John Eliot

Puritan missionary to Native Indians who visited Waban's wigwam to use catechismto teach children. Established "praying towns" among indians. Translated the Bible into Indian language. Wrote Indian dialogues as an apology in which the Xian is first ridiculed then makes a good defense.

Indian Dialogues

Written by John Eliot as an apology in which the Christian is first ridiculed and then makes a good defense

Brainerd

He converted some Indians but was largely unsuccessful. He found that working alone was hard.

Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

Went to the Nez Perce Indians, and was murdered.

LMS

London Missionary Society; 1795; Non-state churches

CMS

Church Missionary Society; 1779; Anglican Church

ABCFM

American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions; 1810; Congregational churches

CIM

China Inland Mission; Hudson Taylor

William Carey

"unqualified" missionary who dreamt of becoming a gardener. Wrote a book encouraging missions. First missionary for the BMS. Went to India. Translations in 3 or 4 languages, part of trio, insane wife.

Serampore Trio

Carey, Marshmans, and Wards. Communal living with all things in common. Established schools, translated, and printed things.

The Judsons

He wanted to become a playwright, but failed. Denied by various missionaries because of their belief in full immersion baptism . Lost support. Built a zayat.

las casas

16th century Spainish historian, social reformer and Dominican friar. He became the first resident Bishop of Chiapas, and the first officially appointed "Protector of the Indians."

Alaudah Esquiano

was a prominent African in London, a freed slave who supported the British movement to end the slave trade.

David George

was an African-American Baptist preacher and a Black Loyalist from the American South who escaped to British lines in Savannah, Georgia; later he accepted transport to Nova Scotia and land there. He eventually resettled in Freetown, Sierra Leone.

Clapham Sect

were a group of Church of England social reformers based in Clapham, London at the beginning of the 19th century; fought to eliminate slave trade.

Henry Venn

an anglican clergyman who is recognized as one of the foremost Protestant missions strategists of the nineteenth century. He was an outstanding administrator who served as honorary secratary of the Church Missionary Society from 1841 to 1873.

Rufus Anderson

was an American minister who spent several decades organizing overseas missions. He contended that mission should aim at nothing more or less than the establishment of self-supporting, self-governing, and self-propagating churches; its mandate does not require the "civilizing" of heathen peoples.

Moffats

a Scottish Congregationalist missionary to Africa, father-in-law of David Livingstone, and first translator of the Bible into Setswana.

David Livingstone

a Scottish Congregationalist pioneer medical missionary with the London Missionary Society and an explorer in Africa. His meeting with H. M. Stanley on 10 November 1871 gave rise to the popular quotation

Henry Stanley

a Welsh journalist and explorer who was famous for his exploration of central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone. Upon finding Livingstone, he reportedly asked, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" He is also known for his search for the source of the Nile.

999 Day Expedition

Henry Stanley and Livingstone; Crossed Africa from Mombasa to the Mouth of the Congo

George Grenfell

in Basoko, Congo Free State (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) was a Cornish missionary and explorer; took steamboat across Africa with goal to establish network of stations crossing Africa based on 999-day expedition of Livingstone

Mackay

a Presbyterian missionary to Uganda; "in 6 months, most of us will be dead"

Mary Slessor

a Scottish missionary to Nigeria. Her work and strong personality allowed her to be trusted and accepted by the locals while spreading Christianity, protecting native children and promoting women's rights. She is credited with having stopped the killing of twins among the Efik, a particular ethnic group in Nigeria. And she was a boss.

Robert Morrison

an Anglo Scottish evangelist and the first Christian Protestant missionary in China; studied Chinese in secret with Catholic converts; competition with Marshman for translation of Bible (won most accurate translation)

Karl Gutzlaff

was a German missionary to the Far East, notable as one of the first Protestant missionaries in Bangkok, Thailand (1828) and in Korea. He served as interpreter for British diplomatic missions during the First Opium War. He was one of the first Protestant missionaries in China to wear Chinese clothing; known for "------Plan" to send nationals to the interior, great success was all a hoax.

T'ai p'ing Rebellion

was a massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864, which was fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Christian millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace.

Hudson Taylor

a British Protestant Christian missionary to China and founder of the China Inland Mission (CIM). He spent 51 years in China. The society that he began was responsible for bringing over 800 missionaries to the country who began 125 schools and directly resulted in 18,000 Christian conversions, as well as the establishment of more than 300 stations of work with more than 500 local helpers in all eighteen provinces

Boxer Rebellion

a Chinese secret organization called the society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there.

Goforth

the first Canadian Presbyterian missionary to China with the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, with his wife, Rosalind (Bell-Smith). He became the foremost missionary revivalist in early 20th century China and helped to establish revivalism as a major element in Protestant China Missions; hosted Chinese in his home as a way to get to know them.

Henry Nott

a British Protestant Christian missionary to Tahiti, Society Islands, Polynesia.

The Duff

the mission ship that took the first missionaries sent out by the London Missionary Society in 1797 (including Henry Nott to Tahiti)

Hiram Bingham

a Protestant Christian missionary to Hawaii and the Gilbert Islands; inspired by Obookiah

Father Damien

a Roman Catholic priest from Belguim. He won recognition for his ministry from 1873 to 1889 in the kingdom of Hawaii to people with leporosy (a.k.a. Hasen's disease) After sixteen years' caring gor the physical, spiritual, and emotional needs of those in the leper colony, he died of leprosy. He has been described as a "martyr of charity"

Lottie Moon

a Southern Baptist missionary to China with the Foreign Mission Board who spent nearly 40 years (1873-1912) living and working in China. As a teacher and evangelist she laid a foundation for traditionally solid support for missions among Baptists in America.

Amy Carmichael

a Protestant Christian missionary in India, who opened an orphanage and founded a mission in Dohnavur. She served in India for 55 years without furlough and wrote many books about the missionary work there.

Gladys

a British evangelical Christian missionary to China. On her arrival in Yangcheng, she worked with an older missionary, Jeannie Lawson, to found The Inn of the Eight Happinesses. For a time she served as an assistant to the Chinese government as a "foot inspector" by touring the countryside to enforce the new law against footbinding young Chinese girls. She became a Chinese citizen in 1936 and was a revered figure among the people, taking in orphans and adopting several herself, intervening in a volatile prison riot and advocating prison reform, risking her life many times to help those in need.

Helen Roseveare

an English Christian missionary. She worked in the Congo from 1953 to 1973 with the WEC International and practiced medicine and also trained others in medical work. She stayed through the hostile and dangerous political instability in the early 1960s.

Samuel Mills

an American missionary. He attended Williams College in Massachusetts and there organized the prayer group that held the Haystack prayer meeting. While he was one of the group that led to the formation of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions his missionary service was confined to the Mississippi valley

Robert Wilder

1 out of 5 students apart of the Princeton Foreign Missionary Society.

D. L. Moody

an American evangelist and publisher connected with the Holiness Movement, who founded the Moody Church, Northfield School and Mount Hermon School in Massachusetts.

John Mott

a long-serving leader of the YMCA and the World Student Christian Federation (WSCF). He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1946 for his work in establishing and strengthening international Protestant Christian student organizations that worked to promote peace.

Cambridge 7

were six students from Cambridge University and one from the Royal Military Academy, who in 1885, decided to become missionaries in China; the seven were: C. T. Studd, Montagu Harry Proctor Beauchamp, Stanley P. Smith, Arthur T. Polhill-Turner, Dixon Edward Hoste, Cecil H. Polhill-Turner, William Wharton Cassels

C. T. Studd

was a British cricketer, missionary, and a contributor to The Fundamentals.

Samuel Zwemer

nickednamed The Apostle to Islam, was an American missionary, traveler, and scholar.

E. Stanley Jones

was a 20th-century Methodist Christian missionary and theologian. He is remembered chiefly for his interreligious lectures to the educated classes in India, thousands of which were held across the Indian subcontinent during the first decades of the 20th century.

Alexander Campbell

was a Scots-Irish immigrant who became an ordained minister in the United States and joined his father Thomas Campbell as a leader of a reform effort that is historically known as the Restoration Movement, and by some as the "Stone-Campbell Movement." It resulted in the development of non-denominational Christian churches, which stressed reliance on scripture and few essentials.

American Christian Missionary Society

Alexander Campbell elected prez even though absent.

Any church may appoint a delegate for an annual contribution of 10 dollars.

First Missionary was James Barclay to Jerusalem.

James T Barclay

He was a trained pharmacist, medical doctor, and the first minister of the Scottsville Disciples of Christ church in 1846. He continued his ministry and lived next door in the ________ House until 1851 when he went to Jerusalem as his Church's first missionary.

Alexander Cross

1st Church of Christ missionary to Africa; began training Africans early

David Lipscomb

was a minister, editor, and educator in the American Restoration Movement and one of the leaders of that movement, which, by 1906, had formalized a division into the Church of Christ (with which he was affiliated) and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). James A. Harding and David Lipscomb founded the Nashville Bible School, now known as Lipscomb University in honor of the latter.

James A Harding

was an early influential leader in the Churches of Christ; Founded Nashville Bible School with D. Lipscomb; did not want money endowment (faith establishment); preached until people stopped coming forward and then moved on; married Carrie Knight and then Pattie Cobb.

J. N. Armstrong

Cordell Christian college; Potter Bible College

NBS

Nashville Bible School; joint effort of Harding and Lipscomb

PBS

Potter Bible School; founded by Harding and Armstrong; some early Japanese missionaries studied there

Cordell

J.N. Armstrong founded it; Dow Merrit was a student there

Harper

Armstrong moved it from Cordell to this place in Kansas; Then it became Harding in Morrilton, AR

Manifest Destiny

The attitude prevalent during the 19th century period of American expansion that the US not only could, but was destined to stretch from coast to coast

For missionaries this meant that America's duty was missions.

J.M. McCaleb

Church of Christ missionary to Japan; Bible and secular school model; Very poor; "The gospel is for all"; Sold a house to continue his work; gave regular missions reports; visited missionaries around the world.

John Sherriff

Church of Christ missionary from New Zealand; Missionary to Africa; Began work in Cape Town and then on to Bulawayo where he opened schools, started with night school to teachmen how to read; eventually larger Agricultural Mission School on 400 acres

FL Hadfield

Missionary from New Zealand; Came to Bulawayo to help Sherriff; taught at Agricultural Mission School; converted Andrew, Dick and Jim.

Julius Beardslee

was a professional theologian who made major contributions to the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible. As a member of the National Council of Churches, He spent 16 years helping translate ancient texts to update the Bible. The groups work resulted in the New Revised Standard Version, published in 1990, which replaced the 1952 Revised Standard Version. He was professor of religion at Emory University until his retirement in 1984. After his retirement, he spent his last 16 years as a voluntary director of the Process and Faith Program at the Claremont School of Theology.

Dow Merritt

Attended Cordell; Zambia; Forest Vale Mission with Sherriff; Sinde Mission, primary schools in town sent people out to the rural areas.; Only one on the team who had been out of the country because he was a medic in the military, and he knew the ship completely

Forest Vale

A mission group that worked with John Sheriff and Dow Merritt to train national evangelists

Sinde

Mission group headed by the Shorts and was helped by the lawyers and by Dow Merritt; goal was to open primary schools and then boarding school with trained African leadership.

Kabanga

Dow Merritt worked here, helped by the Lawyers

Namwianga

Mission station in Zambia HIZ; schools, churches, orphanages; Dow Merritt's son lives there currently

Ray Lawyer

missionary to Africa; Worked at the Kabanga mission; Got speared accidentally while hunting.

The Shewmakers

Met at Harding; Arrived to New York with only a truck and no way to pay the fair to Africa; Let me finish school, and take my siblings out of the orphanage; Putting out the Fleece; Zambia, Namwianga mission.

Short

Worked at the Sinde mission

A. B. Reese

talked the Shewmakers into going to Zambia with them

Wagner and Fujimori

Church of Christ missionaries that went to Japan; followed Campbell's idea of "colonizing, civilizing, Christianizing"

Fujimori continued work after Wagner died.

The Bishops

Went to Japan to take over for McCaleb. ; He also did translation work on a book and used a printing press; ordained first foreign missions elders.

C. G. Vincent

went to Japan but didn't last long; helped edit paper with McCaleb; came back and traveled around Michigan where his wife was in a sanatorium .

Don Carlos

"one man missionary society"; voluntarily received money for missionaries; premillenialist

Sarah Andrews

Japan; only missionary to stay in Japan during WWII, under house arrest (do more here on a cot than at home on my feet); started with women's and children's ministries and established churches through that.

Hettie Ewing

went to JApan after studying language and culture in LA; 1926-1957 with time out for ACU and WWII

George Gurganus

Harding grad; Japan from 1949-1957; first missions professor with PhD; major influencer for missions education

Otis Gatewood

preacher and missionary for Church of Christ; inspired missions post-WWII in Europe, especially to Germany; book "You Can Do Personal Work"

George Benson

missionary to China, Phillipines; president of Harding; advocate for Christian education and missions.

Alexander Campbell's reasoning concerning the missionary society

He didn't oppose it but saw it as representing the corporation between all the Churches of Christ. He didn't oppose the society but its potential abuse.

First meeting of the ACMS

Campbell didn't attend yet was named president

First city deemed worthy of ACMS mission work

Jerusalem

James T. Barclay background,motivation, profession, first work in Jerusalem, reason for move to and experience in Bethlehem, conditions of second tour of work in Jerusalem.

Background - Great grandfather was Quaker, Father drowned in river. Grew up with no religious training in youth

Motivation - Romans 11. "I have been reflecting on the question whether we can pray with confidence for anything which we are not willing to lend our aid"

Profession - Doctor with interest in Geology and Archeology

First work - Small school, medical work with 2,000 patients

To Bethlehem - Response to Persecution

Second Tour - No romantic idealism, gave up large payment of money to leave immediately

Alexander Cross, country of service, reason for death

Africa, died from fever/malaria