Hearing Science Mid-Term 3

According to the Duplex theory, ___ are more effective for localizing low-frequency sounds, while ___ are more effective high-frequency sounds

ITDs, ILDs

True or False: The minimum audible angle is the smallest (best) for sound sources located at 90 azimuth

False

How do humans resolve front-back confusion in sound localization?

Pinna cues and head movements

The cone of confusion refers to positions in space where ___ and ___ cues are identical, creating ambiguity in sound source location

ILD and ITD

True or False": Distance perception of sound source relies primarily on interaural time differences

False - Intensity

auditory scene analysis is the process by which….

sound sources in the environment are separated

true or false: the principle of common fate in auditory grouping refers to sounds that start at the same time

false

fill in the blank: in the continuity illusion, listeners perceive a tone as continuing through a noise burst when the ___ of the noise is higher than the level of the tone

level

true or false: comodulation masking release (CMR) demonstrates that sounds with coherent temporal changes are easier to detect in noise

true

fill in the blank: according to the source-filter theory, vowel sounds are produced by a ___(source) modified by the ___(filter)

vocal fold vibrations, vocal tract

true or false: the first formant (F1) frequency is primarily determined by tongue advancement (front-back position)

false

true or false: in vowel perception, the absolute frequencies of formants are more important than their relative positions

false

fill in the blank: Voice Onset Time (VOT) is defined as the time between ___ and ___

burst and onset

true or false: In english: voiced stop consonants like /b,d,g/ typically have a long lag VOT (80-100 ms)

false

the motor theory of speech perception proposes that speech perception involves reference to ___ rather than direct acoustic processing

articulation

true or false: the McGurk effect demonstrates that speech perception can integrate information from both auditory and visual modalitites

true

fill in the blank: a hearing present at birth is called ___, while one acquired after birth is called ___

congenital, adventitious

true or false: an air-bone gap on an audiogram indicates a sensorineural hearing loss

false

fill in the blank: compression in hearing aids is used to address the problem of ___, where sounds increase in loudness abnormally rapidly

recruitment

true or false: linear hearing aids apply the same amount of gain regardless of input intensity

true

unlike hearing aids, cochlear implants bypass damaged ___ and directly stimulate the ___

hair cells, auditory nerve

unlike hearing aids which amplify sounds, cochlear implants use ___ processing to divide incoming sounds into frequency bands that stimulate different electrodes in the cochlea

vocoder