Exam Three - GESS

Social construction of the body

our understanding of human bodies is collectively produced in specific cultural and historical contexts

Vagina dentata

mythical vagina with teeth symbolizing fears of the dangers of penile-vaginal intercourse

cultural hegemony

power maintained primarily by persuasion

Hegemonic ideologies

widely shared beliefs about how human life is and should be that are used to manufacture our consent to existing social conditions

Party rape

distinct form of rape that occurs at or after a party, usually exploiting the presence
of drugs/alcohol

Individualistic explanation

for sexual violence on. campus: characteristics of individuals increase the rate of sexual assault

anticipatory socialization

lessons about the nature of college life learned prior to matriculation

victim blaming

identifying something done by victims as a cause of their victimization

interactionist explanation

for sexual violence on campus: widespread norms for situation specific interaction increase the rate of sexual assault

sexual script

the rules that guide sexual interaction

push-and-resist dynamic

a situation in which it’s normal for men to press sexual activity forward and for women to stop or slow things down

institutional explanation

for sexual violence on campus: the organization of social life increase the rate of sexual assault

examples of institutional explanation

party dorms (residence halls with a reputation for housing party-oriented students), sexual geography (the distribution of sexual opportunity and risk across a landscape), and inequality among students

norm

a shared expectation for behavior

symbolic interaction

the idea that social interaction in any given setting depends on the social construction of reality in that setting

drunkworld

a world apart, brought into being by collective intoxication, where adventures abound and challenges await

sexual project

an outcome sought in the process of engaging in sexual contact with others

rape cultures

environments that justify, naturalize, and glorify sexual pressure, coercion, and violence

catalyst theory

rape is situational; there are people who will not rape until and unless they find themselves in an environment that elicits sexual assault

camouflage theory

rape is a crime committed by dangerous psychopaths: a small percentage of men who deliberately and routinely exploit and abuse women and other men

sexual racism

stereotypes that attribute specific sexual characteristics to people of different racial backgrounds

controlling images

negative stereotypes

white privilege

inherent advantages possessed by white people

white man privilege

inherent advantages possessed by white men

white woman privilege

inherent advantages possessed by white women

himpathy

the outsized sympathy often granted to violent men - a phenomenon observed especially when the man in question has privilege intersectional identities, is well known, or is otherwise powerful

radicalized risk

the fact that the risk of being the victim of violence of held responsible for violence is not race-neutral

racial sexual geography

the distribution of radicalized sexual opportunity and risk across a landscape

feminism

an ideology that asserts that people of all genders should have equal rights and opportunities

intersectional feminism

a feminism that targets the entire matrix of domination (kyriarchy)

white feminism

the label given to feminist efforts that mostly uplift white women but exclude of otherwise fail to address issues faced by most women of color

carceral feminism

a reliance on policing, prosecution, and imprisonment to resolve gendered or sexual violence

restorative justice

a response to wrongdoing that prioritizes repairing harm. the three core elements of restorative justice are the interconnected concepts of: encounter (a facilitated meeting that brings together people moat impacted by crime to determine how to repair farm), repair (following a plan to help heal the survivor, make amends, and restore community health and safety), transform (changing the harm-doer in ways that reduce the liklihood of further wrongdoing - replacing a negative identity with a positive one- while also changing families, communities, and societies in ways that make people at lesser risk of both victimization and victimizing)