HS1 Final Exam Review

These flashcards provide a comprehensive review of key topics and concepts from the HS1 Final Exam content, spanning various aspects of human anatomy, physiology, medical conditions, and emergency responses.

Which organ is found in the buccal cavity?

Tongue

Which structure is found in the abdominal cavity?

Intestines

What should Abby do after checking an unresponsive victim?

Call or have someone else call 911

What condition is the lifeguard most likely suffering from when displaying pale, ashen skin?

Heat exhaustion

What should be done when blood continues to ooze through the dressing after applying pressure?

Apply an additional gauze over the original dressing

What condition is George experiencing with chest pain radiating to the jaw and left arm?

Heart attack

What condition may develop in a victim with internal bleeding and a weak, rapid pulse?

Shock

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?

Coronal plane

In relation to the diaphragm, where is the heart located?

Superior

Which connective tissue stores fat cells?

Adipose

In relation to skin, where is muscle located?

Deep

Which body cavity is the most inferior?

Pelvic cavity

What is the relationship of the arms to the body’s core?

Lateral

Which body plane divides the body into top and bottom halves?

Transverse plane

What system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood?

Circulatory system

What type of tissue is a tendon?

Connective

Which structure contains a similar group of cells that work together?

Tissue

What type of tissue protects the body by covering surfaces?

Epithelial

Where are the lungs located?

Thoracic cavity

Which body cavity is included in the dorsal cavity?

Cranial cavity

In relation to the hip, where are the toes?

Distal

Which structure is composed of two thin tissue layers that secrete fluids?

Membrane

Which abdominal region is above the hypogastric region?

Hypochondriac

What characteristic is beneficial for first responders?

Staying healthy and fit

What should a first responder do after determining the scene is safe?

Tap and shout to assess the victim's consciousness.

What does the C stand for in the ABC evaluation process?

Circulation

What is the best way to determine if a person is unconscious?

Tap the person and ask if they are okay.

Which cavity contains the heart, lungs, and esophagus?

Thoracic cavity

Which abdominal region is below the lumbar region?

Iliac

When dealing with an unconscious victim, what is assumed about consent?

Implied

Which muscle is located on the head?

Occipitalis

Which layer of the hair shaft provides strength and color?

Cortex

Hair follicles originate in which skin layer?

Dermis

Which muscle is found on the posterior upper arm?

Triceps brachii

What large muscle is located on the back inferior to the trapezius?

Latissimus dorsi

What type of fracture does John have if the bone breaks through the skin?

Compound fracture

What is likely the cause of a 76-year-old female's femur fracture?

Osteoporosis

The end of a long bone is known as what?

Epiphysis

What disorder would explain a grandmother feeling shorter than before?

Osteoporosis

What happens if anaerobic exercises are performed without adequate rest?

Buildup of lactic acid

Which glands are numerous under the arms and on the palms?

Sudoriferous glands

What is the desired outcome of stretching muscles after running?

Extensibility

What is the likely diagnosis for Mary who has muscle pain and fatigue?

Fibromyalgia

What integumentary condition is caused by excessive sebum production during adolescence?

Acne

What type of burn includes blisters?

Second degree burn

What disorder does Preston have if he lost his ability to walk due to muscle weakness?

Muscular dystrophy

Regular exercise and strength training will do what?

Improve muscle tone.

Which receptors in the skin are responsible for touch, cold, and pain?

Sensory receptors.

Which structures protect the thoracic cavity's organs?

Ribs and sternum.

What does the term cranio refer to?

Skull.

Which condition describes poor posture and a hunchback?

Kyphosis.

What does appendicular skeleton include?

Bones of the arm.

What type of muscle controls the passage of substances?

Sphincter muscle.

What function is being used when Sam is told to jump in place to stay warm?

Body heat regulation.

Which skin conditions are caused by bacteria?

Contagious conditions.

What condition might Melvin's sunburn lead to?

Melanoma.

What does the outer covering of long bones consist of?

Periosteum.

What skeletal system function is impaired with low calcium levels?

Mineral storage.

What is the uneven posture condition caused by spine curvature?

Scoliosis.

What inner lining surrounds long bones?

Endosteum.

What skin condition is resistant to antibiotics?

MRSA.

What chronic muscle pain condition is most commonly diagnosed?

Fibromyalgia.

Which muscle group assists with respiration?

External intercostals.

What regulates body temperature?

Evaporation of perspiration.

What is the innermost layer of the skin?

Subcutaneous layer.

What important bone function relates to blood cell production?

Hemopoiesis.

What are the small bones in the wrist called?

Carpals.

What condition involves uric acid crystal deposits in joints?

Gout.

Which structure is an appendage of the skin?

Hair.

Where are nerves and blood vessels located in the skin?

Dermis layer.

What condition is indicated by skin redness after sun exposure?

First degree burn.

Which viral skin lesion can recur?

Wart.

What is the second largest bone of the skeletal system?

Humerus.

What condition is triggered by cartilage wear in a joint?

Osteoarthritis.

What type of joint is the elbow categorized as?

Hinge joint.

What diagnosis likely matches Joe's swelling after weightlifting?

Hernia.

What is the relationship of skin to muscle?

Superficial.

What condition involves muscle fiber tearing and bleeding?

Strain.

What leads to lactic acid build-up during exercise?

Muscle fatigue.

What is the nail matrix?

Nail root.

What increases a child's risk of skin conditions?

Poor handwashing.

What glands are likely responsible for Amanda's acne?

Sebaceous glands.

What are skin conditions caused by exposure classified as?

Dermatitis.

What type of fracture may Leah have with bruising and no open wound?

Simple fracture.

What part of the infant's head has yet to be formed?

Fontanel.

What does the term cervic refer to?

Neck.

What function does a nitroglycerin patch perform?

Absorption.

What does atrophy mean?

Shrinking.

Which shoulder muscle is above the triceps brachii?

Deltoid.

What does the term algia refer to?

Pain.

What is the proper state of muscles for function?

Muscle tone.

What function is demonstrated by good posture?

Support.

What should Melissa be evaluated for given her changing skin lesion?

Melanoma.

What is the integumentary system’s primary defense against harm?

Protection.

What part of the nerve cell transmits messages?

Axon.

Which part of the kidney contains nephrons?

Renal cortex.

What was ineffective if a patient has glycosuria?

Reabsorption.

What was damaged if a patient has a fall and damage to the inner meningeal layer?

Pia mater.

Which neurons send messages to muscles and glands?

Motor neurons.

What transports substances from blood to collecting tubules?

Secretion.