unit 1: 2nd order

splenius capitis M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

bilateral - extends neck

unilateral - turns head to same side

innervation:

cervical spinal NN

attachments:

superior - occipital bone and temporal bone

inferior - ligamentum nuchae

serratus anterior M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

stabilizes, superiorly rotates, and protracts scapula

innervation:

long thoracic N

attachments:

superior - scapula

inferior - ribs 1-8

rhomboid major M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

elevates, retracts, and inferiorly rotates scapula

innervation:

dorsal scapular N

attachments:

medial - thoracic vertebrae

lateral - scapula

trapezius M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

elevates, retracts, depresses, and superiorly rotates scapula

innervation:

accessory N

attachments:

medial - occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, cervical vertebrae, and thoracic vertebrae

lateral - clavicle and scapula

latissimus dorsi M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm

innervation:

thoracodorsal N

attachments:

proximal - thoracic vertebrae, ribs 8-12, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia

distal - humerus

subscapularis M

(action, innervation, and attachments)

action:

medially rotates arm

innervation:

upper and lower subscapular NN (C5-C6)

attachments:

proximal - scapula

distal - humerus

supraspinatus M

(action, innervation, and attachments)

action:

abducts arm

innervation:

suprascapular N

attachments:

proximal - scapula

distal - humerus

teres minor M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

adducts and laterally rotates arm

innervation:

axillary N

attachments:

proximal - scapula

distal - humerus

gluteus maximus M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

extends and laterally rotates thigh

innervation:

inferior gluteal N

attachments:

proximal - iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx

distal - femur and fascia lata

gluteus medius M

(actions, innervation, and attachments)

actions:

abducts and medially rotates thigh

innervation:

superior gluteal N

attachments:

proximal - iliac crest

distal - femur

deltoid M

(actions and innervation)

actions:

flexes, medially rotates, abducts, extends, and laterally rotates arm

innervation:

axillary N

infraspinatus M

(actions and innervation)

actions:

laterally rotates and adducts arm

innervation:

suprascapular N

teres major M

(actions)

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

rhomboid minor M

(actions)

elevates, retracts, and inferiorly rotates scapula

serratus posterior superior M

(action)

elevates ribs during forced inhalation

serratus posterior inferior M

(action)

depresses ribs during forced exhalation

levator scapulae M

(actions)

elevates and inferiorly rotates scapula

levator costarum M

(action)

elevate ribs

splenius cervicis M

(actions)

bilateral - extends neck

unilateral - turns head to same side

iliocostalis group MM

longissimus group MM

(actions)

bilateral - extends vertebral column, maintains posture

unilateral - laterally flexes vertebral column

spinalis group MM

(actions)

bilateral - extends vertebral column and maintains posture

multifidus M

rotatores M

(actions)

bilateral - extends vertebral column

unilateral - rotates vertebral column toward the opposite side

semispinalis group MM

(actions)

bilateral - extends cervical vertebral column and head

unilateral - laterally flexes vertebral column and head

interspinalis MM

(action)

extends vertebral column

intertransversarii MM

(action)

stabilizes vertebral column

rectus capitis posterior minor M

rectus capitis posterior major M

(action)

extends neck

obliquus capitis superior M

obliquus capitis inferior M

(action)

turns head to same side

gluteus minimus M

(actions)

abducts and medially rotates thigh

piriformis M

quadratus femoris M

superior gemellus M

inferior gemellus M

obturator internus M

(action)

laterally rotates thigh