BIO 101 Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards generated from BIO 101 lecture notes covering key concepts in the process of science, evolution, genetic information, and the characteristics of life.

What is the first step in the process of science?

It begins with observations.

What is proposed after observations in the scientific process?

An explanation for a set of observations.

What is tested in the process of science?

The proposed explanation with an experiment.

What types of variables are involved in scientific testing?

Independent and dependent variables.

What is the purpose of making a study double-blind?

To prevent bias and placebo effects.

What does the term 'evolution' refer to?

How organisms change over time.

What are the two key points of the Theory of Evolution?

All living species arose from a succession of ancestors, and the mechanism for evolution is natural selection.

What does Darwin's Theory of Evolution rely on?

Individual variation, overproduction of offspring, unequal reproductive success, and accumulation of favorable traits over time.

Where is all genetic information stored in organisms?

Inside DNA.

What is the process of transcribing genetic information into proteins called?

Gene expression.

What is the concept that anatomy indicates use?

Structure and function.

Which level of life’s hierarchy includes Archaea and Bacteria?

The population level.

At what level of life hierarchy does natural selection act primarily?

Population level.

What best describes discovery science?

Sequencing the human genome, describing a new bird species, and finding preserved specimens.

Which statement about the properties of life is false?

Organisms have an unchanging, constant internal environment.

What does the tree in your backyard represent?

A community.

In an ecosystem, energy typically flows from:

Producers to a series of consumers.

How do fungi obtain food?

By decomposing dead organisms and absorbing nutrients.

What does the structure of animals' teeth illustrate?

A result of natural selection, which connects form and function.

What happens to the next generation of bacteria after an antibiotic kills 99.9% of them?

They are expected to be more resistant to that antibiotic.

What is a key requirement for a hypothesis to be scientifically valid?

It must be testable and falsifiable.

What defines a controlled experiment?

Only one variable is changed at a time.

What provides evidence of a common genetic code demonstrating the unity of life?

A gene from a firefly can be inserted into a bacterium to make it glow.

What levels are represented in the hierarchy of life?

Community is represented by all organisms in a particular area.