Common Communicable Diseases

Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)

Agent: Human Parvovirus B19

Transmission: Respiratory secretions

Incubation: 4-21 days

Communicability: Contagious until rash appears

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

Agent: Coxsackie or enterovirus

Transmission: Direct contact

Incubation: 3-6 days

Communicability: Virus may shed for several weeks

Hepatitis A

Agent: Hep A viral infxn

Transmission: Fecal-oral, Contaminated food

Incubation: Approx. 30 days

Communicability: 2 weeks before symptoms until 1 week after symptoms

Hepatitis B

Agent: HBV viral infxn

Transmission: Blood, Sexual contact

Incubation: Average 90 days

Communicability: Can be spread as long as virus is in the blood

Influenza

Agent: Influenza type A or B virus

Transmission: coughing, sneezing, oral and nasal secretions

Incubation: 1-4 days

Communicability: 1 day before symptoms and 7 days after symptoms

Mononucleosis

Agent: Epstein-Barr Virus

Transmission: Saliva, person-to-person sharing of personal objects

Incubation: 30-50 days

Communicability: virus may be excreted for months after infection

Mumps (Parotitis)

Agent: Paramyxovirus

Transmission: contact with oral and nasal secretions

Incubation: 16-18 days

Communicability: 2-3 days before swelling of glands to 5 days after swelling starts

Pertussis (whooping cough)

Agent: Bordetella pertussis bacteria

Transmission: oral and nasal secretions

Incubation: 6-21 days

Communicability: onset of symptoms for about 2 weeks, non-immunized infants 6 weeks

RSV bronchiolitis

Agent: Respiratory syncytial virus

Transmission: Hands, oral and nasal secretions, lives on surfaces for hours

Incubation: 4-6 days

Communicability: viral shedding 3-4 weeks in infants, 3-8 days in older ppl

Roseola (Exanthem subitum)

Agent: Human herpesvirus 6

Transmission: Saliva of ppl who have the dse or carry the virus

Incubation: 9-10 days

Communicability: unknown

Rubella (German measles)

Agent: Rubella virus

Transmission: airborne thru respi droplets, direct contact with resp secretions, found in blood/urine/stool

Incubation: 16-18 days

Communicability: 7 days before rash to 14 days after rash; most kids are contagious 3-4 days before rash to 7 days after rash

Rubeola (measles)

Agent: Rubeola virus

Transmission: airborne thru resp droplets, direct contact with resp secretions

Incubation: 8-12 days

Communicability: 1-2 days before prodromal symptoms, 3-5 days before rash, 4 days after rash

Strep throat, scarlet fever

Agent: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus

Transmission: resp droplets, direct contact with secretions

Incubation: 2-5 days

Communicability: approx 10 days, 24 hours after antibiotics started

Chickenpox (varicella zoster)

Agent: Varicella zoster virus

Transmission: fluid from vesicles, oral/nasal/eye secretions. coughing and sneezing

Incubation: 10-21 days

Communicability: 1 day before rash, while rash is spreading, until all vesicles have crusted