histology- practicals

elastic fibers and smooth muscle

what composes the aorta?

the aorta (transverse cut)- mostly elastic fibers, smooth muscle

what is this?

the aorta (longitudinal cut)- mostly elastic fibers, smooth muscle

what is this ?

cardiac muscle (longitudinal)- long, cylindrical cells, intercalated discs, 1-2 elongated central nuclei, transverse striations

what is this?

cardiac muscle (longitudinal)- long, cylindrical cells, intercalated discs, 1-2 elongated central nuclei, transverse striations

what is this?

trachea-

-mucosa with respiratory epithelium ( pseudostratified columnar, cilia), goblet cells

-submucosa with CT, mucus and serous glands

-hyaline cartilage

what is this?

trachea, bronchus

if the sample has hyaline cartilage, what organ could it be?

ear

if the sample has elastic cartilage, what organ could it be?

bronchus-

-mucosa with pseudostratified columnar epithelium, cilia, goblet cells, smooth muscle

-submucosa with seromucous glands, vessels, lymphocytes

-hyaline cartilage plates

what is this?

trachea- (almost) complete ring of hyaline cartilage

bronchus- random hyaline cartilage plates, smooth muscle in mucosa

bronchiole- no goblet cells, no cartilage

how can you differentiate the trachea, a bronchus, and a bronchiole?

trachea- (almost) complete ring of hyaline cartilage, no smooth muscle in mucosa

bronchus- random hyaline cartilage plates, smooth muscle in mucosa

what is different between a trachea and a bronchus?

the tongue- dorsal surface with keratin and papillae, ventral surface smooth and non keratinized; stratified squamous epithelium

what is this?

esophagus-

-mucosa with statified squamous epithelium, can be keratinized or not

-submucosa with mucous glands, loose CT

-muscularis with 2 layers (either smooth or striated)

what is this?

rumen-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-short folds with no muscle inside the folds

what is this?

omasum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-very long folds with muscle in entire fold

what is this?

reticulum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-short and long folds, muscle only in apical part of long folds

what is this?

-mucosa: simple columnar epithelium with surface mucous cells

-epithelium is covering the gastric mucosal folds, covered by gastric pits

-gastric glands in lamina propria- chief cells and parietal cells

-muscularis: 2-3 layers

what is the glandular stomach like?

glandular stomach-

-mucosa: folds (gastric pits) covered by epithelium, parietal and chief cells in lamina propria

-submucosa: CT with blood vessels and lymphoid follicles, adipocytes

-muscularis: 2-3 layers of smooth muscle

what is this?

glandular stomach (just mucosa)-

gastric pits (folds) covered by epithelium

chief cells and parietal cells

what is this?

small intestine-

-mucosa: simple columnar epithelium with microvilli, enterocytes, goblet cells

what is this?

small intestine-

-mucosa: simple columnar epithelium with microvilli, enterocytes, goblet cells

what is this?

large intestine-

-mucosa: no microvilli, LOTS of goblet cells, thicker muscular layer

what is this?

small- less goblet cells, mucosa is predominant layer, microvilli

large- more goblet cells, muscularis is predominant layer, no microvilli

how can you differentiate large and small intestine?

pancreas-

islets of langerhans: lighter circles, capillaries inside, basophilic

exocrine: most of the organ, darker, cell clusters forming acini

what is this?

liver (pig)-

hepatic lobules made of hepatocytes arranged in lines, limited by CT

what is this?

liver (dog)-

visible central veins, undifferentiated lobules

what is this?

small intestine-

-mucosa: simple columnar epithelium with microvilli, enterocytes, goblet cells

-Brunner's glands in submucosa

what is this?

large intestine-

-mucosa: no microvilli, LOTS of goblet cells

-muscularis: very thick

what is this?

glandular stomach (just mucosa)-

gastric pits (folds) covered by epithelium

chief cells and parietal cells

what is this?

reticulum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-short and long folds, muscle only in apical part of long folds

what is this?

omasum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-very long folds with muscle in entire fold

what is this?

esophagus-

-mucosa with statified squamous epithelium, can be keratinized or not

-submucosa with mucous glands, loose CT

-muscularis with 2 layers (either smooth or striated)

what is this?

tongue-

striated muscle interior

dorsal mucosa with papillae and keratin

ventral mucosa without papillae and unkeratinized

what is this?

paw pad (thick skin)-

sweat glands

no sebacious glands or hair follicles

lots of adipose tissue in hypodermis (not seen here)

what is this?

ear-

elastic cartilage

what is this?

lip-

very large tactile hairs (whiskers)

oral epithelium

sebacious glands

sweat glands

hair follicles

what is this?

hypophysis (pituitary gland)-

pas distalis (upper part): chromophobes and chromophiles

pas intermedia (middle part): basophils

pas nerviosa (lower part): lightly stained, disorganized, nervous fibers

what is this?

thyroid gland-

follicular- very organized

what is this?

thyroid gland-

follicular- very organized

what is 1?

parathyroid gland-

basophilic, compact (unorganized)

what is 2?

adrenal gland-

outer cortex and inner medulla

cortex:

- glomerulosa- outer, arched appearance

- fasciculata- cuboid cells arranged in cords

- reticularis- short cellular cords

medulla- inner, darker

what is this?

thyroid

which of the endocrine glands is follicular (very organized)?

thyroid gland-

follicular (very organized)

what is this?

adrenal gland-

cortex and medulla

what is this?

hypophysis (pituitary gland)-

pars distalis, pars intermedia, pars nerviosa

what is this?

kidney-

cortex (upper 2): bowman's capsules, PCT and DCT

medulla (lower right): no bowman's capsules

renal pelvis (lower left): transitional epithelium

all these slides are what organ?

ureter (transverse cut)-

external CT with vessels

smooth muscle

transitional epithelium

surrounded by adipose

what is this?

ureter (longitudinal cut)-

external CT with vessels

smooth muscle

transitional epithelium

surrounded by adipose

what is this?

ureter (longitudinal cut)-

external CT with vessels

smooth muscle

transitional epithelium

surrounded by adipose

what is this?

bladder-

transitional epithelium

3 layers of smooth muscle mixed in with CT

what is this?

prostate-

capsule: dense CT

glands with columnar epithelium and light cytoplasm

transitional epithelium lining ureter entrance

what is this?

transitional

what type of epithelium composes the bladder?

transitional

what type of epithelium composes the ureter?

testicle-

seminiferous tubules- circles, surrounded by lamina propria

tunica albuginea- CT capsule

what is this?

testicle-

seminiferous tubules- circles, surrounded by lamina propria

tunica albuginea- CT capsule

what is this?

epididymus-

muscular tube with segments

psedostratified epithelium

what is this?

ovary-

cortex and medulla

fibrous CT with follicles (oocytes, primary follicles, etc)

corpus luteum cells

corpus albicans cells

what is this?

mammary gland (very zoomed out)-

mammary lobules with tubulo-acinar glands

what is this?

mammary gland (active)-

tubulo-acinar glands with pink interior, dilated

what is this?

active- dilated glands, lumen is stained pink, less space between glands

inactive- less dilated glands, less stained lumen, more space between glands

how can you tell if the mammary gland is active or inactive?

bone marrow-

white- adipose of yellow bone marrow

cells- hematopoietic cells of red bone marrow

what is this?

bone marrow-

white- adipose of yellow bone marrow

cells- hematopoietic cells of red bone marrow

what is this?

bone marrow-

white- adipose of yellow bone marrow

cells- hematopoietic cells of red bone marrow

what is this?

thymus-

very lobulated, with capsule and trabeculae as well

cortex: dark, basophilic

medulla: lighter

what is this?

thymus-

very lobulated, with capsule and trabeculae as well

cortex: dark, basophilic

medulla: lighter

what is this?

thymus-

very lobulated, with capsule and trabeculae as well

cortex: dark, basophilic

medulla: lighter

what is this?

bursa of fabricius-

folded mucosa and submucosa

lobules

what is this?

bursa of fabricius

what is this?

bursa of fabricius

what is this?

bursa of fabricius

what is this?

lymph node-

exterior, darker cortex with follicles

inner, lighter medulla

what is this?

lymph node-

exterior, darker cortex with follicles

inner, lighter medulla

what is this?

spleen-

red and white pulp

what is this?

spleen-

red and white pulp

what is this?

spleen

what is this?

spleen

what is this?

spleen

what is this?

small intestine with peyer's patches

what is this?

small intestine with peyer's patches

what is this?

tonsil

what is this?

tonsil

what is this?

tonsil- follicles of lymphocytes under epithelium

what is this?

tonsil

what is this?

aorta-

thick wall of elastic and smooth muscle

what is this?

aorta-

thick wall of elastic and smooth muscle

what is this?

cardiac muscle-

long, cylindrical cells, intercalated discs, 1-2 elongated central nuclei, transverse striations

what is this?

cardiac muscle-

long, cylindrical cells, intercalated discs, 1-2 elongated central nuclei, transverse striations

what is this?

trachea-

-mucosa with respiratory epithelium ( pseudostratified columnar, cilia), goblet cells

-submucosa with CT, mucus and serous glands

-hyaline cartilage

what is this?

trachea-

-mucosa with respiratory epithelium ( pseudostratified columnar, cilia), goblet cells

-submucosa with CT, mucus and serous glands

-hyaline cartilage

what is this?

bronchus-

-mucosa with pseudostratified columnar epithelium, cilia, goblet cells, smooth muscle

-submucosa with seromucous glands, vessels, lymphocytes

-hyaline cartilage plates

what is this?

bronchus-

-mucosa with pseudostratified columnar epithelium, cilia, goblet cells, smooth muscle

-submucosa with seromucous glands, vessels, lymphocytes

-hyaline cartilage plates

what is this?

bronchioles/alveoli

what is this?

the tongue-

interior- muscle

dorsal surface with keratin and papillae, ventral surface smooth and non keratinized; stratified squamous epithelium

what is this?

esophagus-

-mucosa with statified squamous epithelium, can be keratinized or not

-submucosa with mucous glands, loose CT

-muscularis with 2 layers (either smooth or striated)

what is this?

esophagus-

-mucosa with statified squamous epithelium, can be keratinized or not

-submucosa with mucous glands, loose CT

-muscularis with 2 layers (either smooth or striated)

what is this?

rumen-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-short folds with no muscle inside the folds

what is this?

reticulum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-short and long folds, muscle only in apical part of long folds

what is this?

omasum-

-mucosa with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

-muscularis: smooth muscle

-very long folds with muscle in entire fold

what is this?

glandular stomach-

-mucosa: folds (gastric pits) covered by epithelium, parietal and chief cells in lamina propria

-submucosa: CT with blood vessels and lymphoid follicles, adipocytes

-muscularis: 2-3 layers of smooth muscle

what is this?

glandular stomach-

-mucosa: folds (gastric pits) covered by epithelium, parietal and chief cells in lamina propria

-submucosa: CT with blood vessels and lymphoid follicles, adipocytes

-muscularis: 2-3 layers of smooth muscle

what is this?