Plant Tissues

Determinate vs Indeterminate Growth

• Determinate: limited growth, seen in animals

• Indeterminate: unlimited growth, seen in plants

What is growth?

Irreversible increase in size:

• cell div. → increases growth potential

• cell enlargement

What is morphogenesis?

Dev. of form

• process → forms plant’s shape

• driven by genes + enviro. stimuli → gene expression

What is differentiation?

Cells → identical gen. info. → become diff. from each other

• Cells → special cells with 1 function each

What is the function of meristematic tissue?

Helps retain ability to produce new cells in adult plants

What is protoderm and its derivative?

Protoderm → Dermal tissue

• outer protective layer of the plant

What is ground meristem and its derivative?

Ground meristem → Ground tissue

• which supports and stores materials in the plant.

What is procambium and its derivative?

Procambium → Vasc. tissue

What is the function of sclerenchyma tissue?

Structural support

What is the function of parenchyma tissue?

• P.S. + respiration

• Storage

• Regeneration

What is the function of collenchyma tissue?

Flexible support system

What are the two types of tracheary elements?

Tracheids + vessel elements.

Function of xylem tissue?

• Principal water conducting tissue

• Mineral transport

• Support + food storage

Works best when cells r dead

Function of phloem tissue?

• Food conducting tissue

• Transport: sugar, amino acids, lipids, hormones, proteins, micronutrients

• Long-distance signaling

What are the two main types of sieve elements?

• Sieve elements: more efficient, found in angiosperms

• Sieve cells: primitive, found in gymnosperms

Function of trichomes

• Root hairs: H2O + mineral absorption

• Leaf hairs: reflect sun radiation, lower water loss, defense from herbivores

• Sticky hairs: catch prey (carnivorous plants)

• Glandular hairs: chem. defense → herbivores

Developmental plasticity

1 genotype → rise to different phenotypes

• weakens link btwn nat. selection + phenotype