Classical and Quantum Mechanics - Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions

Vocabulary flashcards for momentum, impulse, collisions, and related concepts.

Momentum

The product of a particle's mass and its velocity.

Newton's Second Law (in terms of momentum)

A restatement of Newton's second law using momentum: F = dp/dt

Impulse

The product of a force and the time interval during which it acts.

Impulse-Momentum Theorem

The change in momentum of a particle during a time interval is equal to the impulse of the net force acting on the particle during that interval.

Impulse (Force over Time)

A large force that acts for a short time.

Time-Average Force

The average force over a time interval: Fav = (1/Δt) ∫F dt

Isolated System

A system with no external forces acting on it.

Center of Mass

The point representing the average position of mass in a system.

Elastic Collisions

In these collisions, the total kinetic energy of the system is the same after the collision as before.

Inelastic Collisions

In these collisions, the total kinetic energy after the collision is less than before the collision.

Completely Inelastic Collision

An inelastic collision where the objects stick together after colliding.