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The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service
April 1933
This required Jews to by dismissed from Civil Service
Problems with the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service law
Was not straightforward, as there was no objective, scientific definition of who was racially Jewish according to physical characteristics or blood group
However under this 1933 law, people were considered ‘non-Aryan’ if either of their parents or either of their grandparents were Jewish
How President Hindenburg hindered the 1933 Civil Service Laws
He insisted on exempting from this law German Jews who had served in the First World War and for those whose fathers had been killed in the war
Hitler reluctantly accepted this as a ‘political necessity’ and the exemption was kept in place until after Hindenburg’s death in 1934
These exemptions lessened the Law’s impact as it applied to up to 2 thirds of Jews in Civil Service
Impact of the 1933 Civil Service Law
The Civil Service Law had a devastating economic and psychological impact on middle-class Jews in Germany
This law contributed to the increasing levels of Jewish emigration
In 1933, 37,000 Jews left Germany
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