EXAM 2 Gothic cathedral

Bourges, Cathedral of Saint-Étienne, begun 1195, choir ca. 1200, dedicated 1214,view of interior towards apse,

Bourges, Cathedral of Saint-Étienne, begun 1195, choir ca. 1200, dedicated 1214 view of exterior of nave,

Beauvais, Cathedral of Saint-Pierre, first rebuilt 1225-1271 (tower 16th century), view of interior choir and part of north transept,

Chartres, Cathedral of Notre Dame, North Transept portal center tympanum and trumeau, ca. 1204+

Chartres, Cathedral of Notre Dame, North Transept portal center tympanum and trumeau, ca. 1204+ Cathedral of Notre
Dame, North Transept, c. 1204,
center trumeau of Saint Anne

Chartres, Cathedral of Notre Dame,Apostles and Saint Lubin windows from nave ca. 1205-1215,

Chartres, Cathedral of Notre Dame,Apostles and Saint Lubin windows from nave ca. 1205-1215,

Reims, Cathedral of Notre Dame, ca. 1210+, façade sculptures of Annunciation and Visitation,

Reims, Cathedral of Notre Dame, North Transept portal middle portal with martyrdom of Saint Nicaise ,ca. 1252-1275

Saint Denis, nave and upper choir ca. 1231+,

Troyes, Collegiate Church of Saint Urbain, and exterior view of transept, 1262-66,

Troyes, Collegiate Church of Saint Urbain, view of interior nave towards apse

Chapel of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, view of interior towards apse, ca. 1230-1238,

Paris, Sainte-Chapelle, interior view of upper chapel nave towards apse, 1244-1248,

Canterbury, Christ Church Cathedral, view of choir, and interior view of Corona rebuilt 1174+ (can use same date for both though the Corona chapel may be 20+ years into the rebuilding),

Canterbury, Christ Church Cathedral, view of choir, and interior view of Corona rebuilt 1174+ (can use same date for both though the Corona chapel may be 20+ years into the rebuilding),

Wells, Cathedral of Saint Andrew, exterior view of façade, ca. 1230-1240[50?]

Wells, Cathedral of Saint Andrew,interior view of nave, rebuilt 1180+

Wells, Cathedral of Saint Andrew,and choir, rebuilt ca. 1333-40,

Lincoln Cathedral, view of St. Hugh’s choir with choir stalls (though make sure to examine the vault), 1191+

Salisbury Cathedral, view of nave, 1220-1258, and Trinity Chapel (Lady Chapel), 1220-1266,

Salisbury Cathedral, view of nave, 1220-1258, and Trinity Chapel (Lady Chapel), 1220-1266,

Westminster Abbey, view of nave, ca. 1250-1272,

Westminster Abbey, Chapel of Henry VI (VII), 1503-1509,

Ely Cathedral, Lady Chapel 1321-1345,

Ely Cathedral, Ely Cathedral, views of Octagon and rebuilt west choir, 1322+ (view with choir stalls

Ely Cathedral, Ely Cathedral, views of Octagon and rebuilt west choir, 1322+ (view with choir stalls

Gloucester Cathedral, choir, rebuilt/renovated ca. 1337+

Gloucester Cathedral,and cloister walkway, 1360+,

Bar Tracery

a decorative architectural feature of gothic building uses thin molded stones around the glass, not supportive fills space

Glazed triforium

glass around triforium removes the wall that had been wwhere the buttresses was that help supported the church, shows that the vaults were strong enough now.

Dead weight loading

weight of materials

Crusade

holy wars fought by christains to secure control of holy sites in the middle east.

Contrapposto

standing leg holding the weight, knee poking out with shoulders at a angle

Cephalophore

a saint holding there head when dying headless in mytrdom. particularly st nicase, tell the story.

Attribute

object or thing that is attached to a depiction of the figure

Cellarer

person in charge of where the wine was stored in the church  took care of the wine in the church, average consumption and for the eucharist.

Rayonnant

Court style in france, connected to royal family, soaring stained glass take over the space, smaller spaces, radiating effect of stained glass. 

Trefoil

3 leaf clover type shape connected to the rayonnant  period 

Quatrefoil

4 petals, bar tracery placed over stained glass- indcates rayonnant

King louis IX

beloved very pious king who helped the taking off of the rayonnant period. Decided he wanted a dsmall chapel at all of his churches. Saint chapelle was his personal church.

Clerestory Passage

classic english element, makes it hard to bring in natural light, increases sense that theres a thick walled structure 

Thomas Becket

became the appointed bishop of durham cathedral by henry 2 and was the defender of the church originally thomas became upset with the treatment of the church by the king. King henrys knights killed Becket in the cathedral. His body was claimed to provide mirales and he became saint amking durham a pilgrimage site. 

William of Sens

architect of canterbury cathedral, from france and wanted to make this church new and cutting edge.

Stringcourse 

horizontal line decorative detail that emphasizes projecting horizantle line made of purbec marble

Strainer arches

an internal structural arch built to relieve the inwards pressure. wells cathedral

Tierceron

purely decorative ribs lay flat on surface of web. Secondary or intermediate rib. co

Ridge rib

horizontal rib that runs alon the highest point of a gothic vaulted ceiling and connects the 2 vaults

Boss

Middle of vaulting, became high decorated.

Old Sarum 

 The site of a iron age ringwork that was the place William the conqueror set up one of his castles there. Made it a capitol and established a cathedral

Choir stalls

 Very popular in England, not usually in roman catholic church, given to protestant churches.  Choir stalls for choir, all male singers, monks or canons whos job it was to sing the services.

Lady chapel

A chapel connected to the church dedicated to mother mary, due to the sarum rites. specifc masses to the virgin mary were performed here. 

Minster

English word for monastery

Plantagenet 

royal house that ruled england from 1154 to 1485

Eleanor Cross 

a series of gothic monuments erected by Edward 1 in memory of his wife the beloved queen Eleanor of castile. Very elabroate and had ellements of teh rayonnant period, little pincciles, tracery, gables, and took off in england starting a new movement of architecture → decorated style 

Ogee Arch

Double curve arch has covert and concave at same time, very decorative

Lantern

a small light

Liern

Short ribs that either connects or doesnt to springing of vaults.

Fan Vault

a vault made up of coniods making a fan shape

Conoid

cone like vaults curving continously instead of. having ribs its all covered with tracery

Chantry 

chapel endowed so masses can be said for a indvidual or family attached to church and has a finanical endowement