20th Century Britain

Flashcards on 20th Century Britain lecture notes.

Secularism

Society becoming more secular, even though 95% of its citizens claim a belief in God during the 18th and 19th centuries in Britain.

Militarism (Early 20th Century)

Advancing technology leading to more powerful weapons; a possible cause of WWI.

Dehumanization

Resulting from mechanization and advancing technology; linked to the rise of cities and anonymity.

Uncertainty Principle

Associated with Einstein and quantum physics, reflecting a broader sense of ideological uncertainty.

Historical and Material Determinism

Revealed men’s dependence on laws and structures outside their control, as theorized by Marx.

Natural Selection

Darwin's concept that situated humanity as the latest product of natural selection.

Nietzsche

Philosopher who declared 'God is dead,' reflecting a decline in religious conviction and the rise of materialism.

Pocket Kodak

Portable camera introduced in 1897.

Silver Ghost

The 1st Rolls-Royce, created by Henry Royce and C.S. Rolls in 1907.

News Reel

Cinema for entertainment and news that emerged around 1911.

Theory of Relativity

Physicist Einstein (1905), space-time tells matter how to move, matter tells space-time how to curve.

Quantum Theory

Physicist Planck is one of the founders (1900), the study of the relationship between quanta and elementary particles.

Stream of Consciousness

Term coined by William James.

The Unconscious

Freud's theories. A method to investigate the mind through analysis of dreams and free associations.

Collective Unconscious

Jung's concept that is a sort of cultural memory containing myths and beliefs of the human race which work at a symbolical level.

Will to Power

Nietzsche's motivation that underlies all human behavior.

Theory of Duration

Bergson's development that time is mobile and incomplete.

The Golden Bough

Frazer’s most famous work (1890), documents similar magical and religious beliefs across the globe.

Linguistic Sign

Saussure's central notion that main work Course in General Linguistics may be analyzed as a formal system of differential elements with signifier, signified, and referent.

League of Nations

The failure of the League of Nations (especially France and Britain) actively to police the peace; contributed to WWII.

Little Boy

The A-bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6th, it was uranium-based, weight 4400 kg, and power 15,000 tons of TNT.

Fat Man

The A-bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9th, it was plutonium-based, weight 4535 kg, and Power 21,000 tonnes de TNT.

Allerednic

Gershuny's that has identified a late twentieth syndrome among professional couples which he calls Cinderella backwards, or the fairy tale in reverse.