Plant Breeding and Water Use in Crop Species

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the topics of plant breeding and water use in crop species as discussed in the lecture.

Plant Breeding

The science of modifying plant characteristics to create desired traits through various techniques.

Phenotyping

The measurement of observable traits in organisms, used to find the best genotypes for breeding.

Genomic Selection

A method in plant breeding that predicts the genetic value of lines based on genome-wide marker data.

QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus)

A section of DNA that correlates with variation in a phenotype, used in plant breeding to identify genetic markers.

Homozygosity

The genetic condition of having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Inbred Species

Species that are bred from genetically similar individuals, often to produce specific traits.

Clonal Plants

Plants that are genetically identical and propagated from a single ancestor.

F1 Hybrids

First-generation offspring resulting from the crossbreeding of two different plant varieties.

Water Use Efficiency

A measure of how effectively a plant utilizes water for growth and productivity.

Crop Genotypes

The genetic constitution of a plant species that determines its characteristics.

Agronomic Research

Scientific studies aimed at improving crop production through sustainable practices.

Disease Resistance

The ability of a plant to resist or withstand diseases that affect its growth and yield.

Deep Root Growth

The ability of roots to penetrate deeper soil layers, enhancing water and nutrient uptake.

RadiMax

A research project focusing on the interactions between crops and water management.

Selection Criteria

Standards used in breeding to select the best plants for crossing or propagation.

Breeding Methods

Techniques used in plant breeding, including pedigree, population, and clonal selection.

Monthly Precipitation

The amount of rainfall collected over a calendar month, important for evaluating water availability for crops.