Chapter 5 Science notes

Chapter 5 notes

Do each atom in the Lewis structure have their outer energy level at full capacity?

Yes, hydrogen has two electrons in its first energy level and nitrogen has eight electrons in its outer (second) energy level.

What is the electronegativity of hydrogen?

Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2.

What is the electronegativity of nitrogen?

Nitrogen has an electronegativity of 3.04.

Is the ammonia molecule a polar molecule?

Yes, due to nitrogen's higher electronegativity, it has a stronger pull on its electrons than hydrogen, causing an unequal sharing and creating a polar molecule.

What does the unequal sharing of electrons in ammonia result in?

It causes a region of excess negative charge on the nitrogen end and a region of positive charge on the hydrogen end.

Is diphosphorus a polar or nonpolar molecule?

Diphosphorus is a nonpolar molecule since both phosphorus atoms have the same electronegativity.

What is the ratio of calcium to chlorine in calcium chloride?

The ratio of calcium to chlorine is 1:2.

What is the chemical formula for calcium chloride?

CaCl2.

Would you expect the properties of sodium and chlorine to be similar to table salt (sodium chloride)?

No, because the chemical bonding results in a product with very different physical and chemical properties.

What is the name of the compound containing cobalt and iodine with cobalt's oxidation state of +2?

Cobalt(II) Iodide.

What is the name of the covalent compound containing three atoms of oxygen and one atom of sulfur?

Sulfur trioxide.