Chapter 5 Science notes

Do each atom of the atoms represented in the Lewis structure have their outer energy level at

full capacity? Explain

Answer: Yes. As a result of sharing electrons, each of the hydrogen atoms has two electrons in

the first energy level, while the nitrogen has eight electrons in its outer ( second) energy level.

Pgs 101-102

Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2, and nitrogen has an electronegativity of 3.04. Is the

ammonia molecule a polar molecule? Explain.

Answer. Yes. Due to nitrogen’s higher electronegativity, the nitrogen atom will have a stronger

pull on its electrons than each hydrogen will. This unequal sharing will cause the region of

excess negative charge to form on the nitrogen end and he region of positive charge to from on

the hydrogen end.( pgs 103)

The electronegativity of phosphorus is 2.2. Is Diphosphorus a polar or nonpolar molecule?

Explain.

Answer: Diphosphorus is a nonpolar molecule since both phosphorus atoms have the same

electronegativity. (pgs 103).

Calcium bonds with chlorine to form calcium chloride. Predict in what ratio calcium and chlorine

will combine. Then predict the chemical formula for this compound.

Answer: The ratio of calcium to chlorine is 1:2. THe chemical formula is CaCl 2. (Pgs. 110-111)

Table Salt, the compound sodium chloride, dissolves in water and has melting pount of 1074k.

Would you expect the properties of sodium and chlorine, the parent elements to be similar to hte

properties of table salt?. Explain.

Answer. No. Chemical bonding of sodium and chlorine into sodium chloride results in a a

product with very different physical and chemical properties. (pg. 98)

Predict the name of the formula for a compound containing cobalt and iodine if cobalt’s

oxidation state is +2.

Answer: Cobalt(II) Iodide, Col 2 (Pgs. 110-111)

What is the name of the covalent compound containing three atoms of oxygen and one atom of

sulfur?

Answer: Sulfur trioxide (pg. 116)

E