Philosophical Perspectives on Love and Friendship

These flashcards cover key concepts and ideas about love and friendship as discussed in philosophical texts, particularly focusing on Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, and Hume.

What does the term 'symposium' mean in Greek?

It originates from a Greek verb meaning 'to drink together.'

Who was Socrates executed for?

For his revolutionary ideas and as a relentless seeker of knowledge and wisdom.

What significant shift in philosophical focus did Socrates initiate?

He shifted attention towards ethical concerns regarding human relations.

What is the primary argument of Plato's theory of Forms?

That reality must be pursued through contemplation of the concepts that underpin sensory experiences.

What is Diotima’s Ladder of Love?

A hierarchical approach to understanding love, from physical attraction to the love of absolute beauty.

How many types of friendship did Aristotle identify?

Three types: Utility, Pleasure, and Virtue.

What defines a virtue friendship according to Aristotle?

A selfless bond that is enduring and rooted in personal character, rather than being transactional.

What does Kant's Categorical Imperative state?

Act only on that maxim through which you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law.

What is Hume's perspective on chastity and modesty?

He considers them necessary for societal cohesion and stability, particularly for women.

How does Socrates characterize love?

As a desire for what one lacks, specifically beauty and goodness.