ch 13 - urine and other nonblood specimens and tests

what is the proper labeling for nonblood specimens and what does it help avoid?

labeling helps avoid testing delays that compromise patient care

• labeling same as blood specimens

• include source of the specimen

what is an example of a 24 hour urine speciemn

creatinine clearance

urobilinogen

what is the best time to begin a 24 hour urine collection

when the pt wakes up in the morning, typically between 6am and 8am

what should the pt do with the first urine at the start of a 24 hour collection

void/discard it into the toilet

• the timing of collection shall begin after first urine is discarded

What should the patient do at the end of the 24-hour collection period?

Void/pee one last time and add it to the container

Why is the patient advised to set an alarm for the next morning?

To ensure the collection ends exactly 24 hours later

• ex: if starts at 7am, end at 7am next morning

what is catheterized (cath) urine

specimen is collected from a sterile catheter inserted through the urethra into the bladder

what is suprapubic

collection of urine involves inserting a needle directly into the urinary bladder and aspirating the urine directly from the bladder into a sterile syringe

what is a C&S test requested for

if pt has symptoms of UTI

urine drug screening is performed to detect what

illicit use of recreational drugs

where is the catheter inserted through (FIB)

urethra

Pregnancy can be confirmed by testing urine for the presence of… (FIB)

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

for pregnancy test, why is the first morning specimen/pee preferred?

its more concentrated with highest hCG concentration

what is amniocentesis

removal/ obtaining amniotic fluid by physician

whats a nonblood specimen that has to be protected from light and why

amniotic fluid to prevent breakdown of bilirubin

CSF specimens are obtained by a physician most often through ______

lumbar puncture (spinal tap)

what is the pt given to collect a gastric analysis?

histamine or pentagastrin

whats gastric analyisis function

• examines stomach contents for abnormal substances

• measures gastric acid concentration to evaluate stomach acid production

what test is commonly detected with a Nasopharyngeal (NP) ?

whooping cough

what does saliva detect?

• detects alcohol and drug abuse

• detection of drugs in saliva indicates recent drug use

what fluid comes from peritoneal cavity?

ascitec fluid

what is ascites

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

what is the sac surrounding the heart (FIB)

pericardial fluid???

what is Peritoneal fluid

fluid surrounding abdominal cavity

what is sputum

mucus or phlegm that is ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs through deep coughing

what is sweat chloride testing for?

CF cystic fibrosis

what does sweat specimen detect

long-term illicit drug use

synovial fluid is taken out during what procdeure (FIB)

arthrocentesis

what is H. pylori detected by

breath samples

what kind of testing is preferred for DNA testing or parental testing

buccal swabs

what test CANT be cold

Ova & parasite testing (O&P)

how are stool specimens collection preserved

usually at room temp

but multiple day collections must be refrigerated

what does FIT test detect

detection of the globin portion of human hemoglobin.

• screening test for blood in stool

Hair samples can be used to detect…

alcohol and drugs of abuse

• hair keeps record of them for months

• shows evidence of chronic alcohol and drug use rather than very recent use

Throat swab specimens are most often collected to aid in the diagnosis of….

strep throat

tests that can detect drugs of abuse

• urine

• hair - chronic use

• sweat - long term drug use

• saliva - recent drug use