Imperialism Study Guide

What is Imperialism

What is Imperialism

The economic, political, and cultural domination of one country over another

What was the Industrial Revolution and how did it contribute to Imperialism?

The Industrial Revolution, quickly advanced civilizations allowing them to grow stronger. This military strength along with Imperialist ideologies, contributed to colonization/imperialism globally

The White Mans Burden

The idea of the White Man’s Burden is White people had the burden/purpose to colonize nations that were not predominantly white. They had the idea it was helping instead of colonizing.

The Scramble for Africa

The Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century was when European powers colonized African territories for resources, markets, and strategic advantages. This led to intense competition, border disputes, and exploitation of African people.

Sphere of Influence

When foreign nations sign treaties to have control over land in a different nation. They use these spheres to take control of trade and investment.

The significance of the Berlin Conference

The Berlin conference formalized the division of nation’s control in Africa. This disregarded African culture, traditions, and borders, creating a pivotal moment in Africa’s history for the future, changing its future political landscape and borders. This also created the idea that White people can get what they want in a foreign nation

Social Darwinism and its role in Imperialism

Social Darwinism is the idea that people of color evolved worse compared to white people, making them “need” help by white people. This influenced the idea of colonialism, giving White leaders a scapegoat reason why colonizing foreign nations is moral.

The Sepoy Mutiny and Boxer rebellion

Resistances against foreign country Imperialism. They resisted foreign influence by creating uprisings and demonstrations against their colonizers by mass killing anyone who associated with their colonizing country.

Who was Herbert Spencer and what theory did he develop

Herbert Spencer was an English philosopher and sociologist who developed the theory of Social Darwinism, applying Darwin's theory of natural selection to human societies.

Who was Rudyard Kipling and what was his stance on Imperialism

Rudyard Kipling was a British author known for works. He was in support of British imperialism thinking it was civil. He also created the “White Man’s Burden”

Describe Mahatma Gandhi's role in Indian nationalism.

Gandhi was a leader who protested against Indian nationalism. He led protests and the people of India to support anti-imperialism

Who was Leopold II and what was his connection to the Congo?

Leopold II was the King of Belgium who exploited the Congo Free State for personal gain, leading to genocide and exploitation of the Congolese people.

Who were the Sepoys and what was their role in British India?

Sepoys in British India: Sepoys were Indian soldiers serving in the British East India Company's army. They played a crucial role in maintaining British control over India.

How did the British establish control over India in the early nineteenth century?

The British established control over India in the early 19th century by using the British East India Company and its military to its advantage. the British used Indian soldiers as a way to take control of the state.

Who were the major players in the "scramble for Africa" and what was the principal objective of this land grab?

The major players in the “scramble for Africa” were European Nations. The Principal objective of this land grab was to gain control over the land and trade in Africa, while simultaneously stealing market abilities and resources.

Compare Imperialism in Africa to imperialism in Asia.

Imperialism in Africa and Asia both involved European powers colonizing territories for resources and markets. However, colonization in Africa was more direct contact with people and was more brutal with punishments for the people and overall control. While in Asia Imperialism was more of using treaties and taking control of land for the ability to trade.

How did European nations use racism to justify imperialism?

European nations used racism to justify imperialism, by making it look like colonizing foreign countries was good for their people. By using racist ideas like Social Darwinism and “White Man’s Burden” the idea that People of Color were less than human and needed help was used as a reason to Justify colonizing foreign nations.

Identify and explain two counters to imperialism in Asia.

Counters to imperialism in Asia were Nationalism, which was the idea that they had the right to control and govern themselves and not be controlled by a separate nation, and Westernization, which is when Asian countries were going through their own industrial revolution, strengthening their military and economy themselves to have more power.

What was the Opium War and what treaty ended it?

The Opium War was a conflict between China and Britain over the use and trade of Opium in China, causing mass death by its overuse.

The treaty that ended it was The Treaty of Nanjing

What nation was formed after WWII as a Jewish homeland and why?

The Nation if Israel was formed after WWII as a Jewish homeland. Nations of the world decided to give Jewish people a homeland after the Holocaust