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why flooding causes problems for crops
as rising water levels lead to different parts of a crop being covered up leading to less oxygen + CO2 being available for respiration and photosynthesis given they diffuse more slowly in liquids than they do in solids
why some rice plants show increased upward growth rates away from the waterline
to ensure their leaves’ stomata won’t get submerged thus allowing for access to important gases like oxygen and CO2
root aerenchyma tissue
a specialized plant tissue found in rice plants’ leaves that contains useful air spaces for oxygen/CO2 diffusion across other plant parts making these gases readily available as held even when the plants are underwater
why rice plants can tolerate high levels of fermented ethanol from anaerobic respiration
they produce more ethanol dehydrogenase for breaking ethanol molecules down so anaerobic respiration can be carried out for longer
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