Maritime Law and International Law of the Sea

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms in Maritime Law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, facilitating preparation for the exam.

What is another name for Maritime Law?

Admiralty Law.

What does Maritime Law govern?

Nautical issues and private maritime disputes.

What type of law encompasses conflict of laws?

Private International Law.

What are the three major focuses of Private International Law?

Jurisdiction, Foreign Judgements, and Choice of Law.

What is the major treaty governing Law of the Sea?

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

What are the major components of Admiralty Law?

Marine commerce, navigation, salvage, pollution, and seafarers' rights.

What is the difference between wet law and dry law in Admiralty Law?

Wet law pertains to salvage, collisions, and towing; dry law pertains to land-based issues and marine insurance.

What does 'Maintenance and Cure' require of shipowners?

To provide seamen with medical care and basic living expenses if injured.

What is required for a personal injury claim against shipowners?

The claimant must establish a duty of reasonable care owed by the shipowner.

What was the significance of Adler v. Dickson (The Himalaya)?

It led to the passing of the Unfair Contract Terms Act of 1977 in the UK.

What are maritime liens?

Claims against a ship for services rendered or injury caused by it.

What is the term 'salvor' referring to?

The person or group who salvages a ship or cargo after a maritime incident.

What must a salvor prove to receive payment under The Law of Salvage?

That the vessel was in actual peril.

What distinguishes 'Contract Salvage' from 'Pure Salvage'?

Contract Salvage involves a pre-agreed payment method; Pure Salvage does not have a prior contract.

What are some key regulations of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)?

Minimum safety construction, fire safety provisions, and requirements for lifeboats.

What constitutes piracy according to international law?

Illegal acts of violence committed for private ends on the high seas.

What is the Two Ship Principle in piracy law?

Piracy requires the involvement of two ships.

What does UNCLOS provide for regarding Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ)?

Coastal nations have sole exploitation rights over natural resources within 200 nautical miles from their baseline.

What is the significance of the Treaty of Svalbard?

It establishes Svalbard as an unincorporated part of Norway but grants access to all signatories.

What environmental issues are affecting the Arctic?

Disappearing habitats and exposure to pathogens due to climate change.