Mr Rosa APUSH UNIT 4 blue vocab

King Caucus

a closed door meeting of a political party's leaders in Congress.

Spoils system

the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters.

Indian Removal Act

was signed by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. The law authorized the president to negotiate with southern Native American tribes for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their lands.

Trail of Tears

a series of forced relocations of Native American peoples from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States, to areas to the west that had been designated as Indian Territory.

Martin Van Buren

the eighth President of the United States from 1837 to 1841, a founder of the Democratic Party.

John Quincy Adams

served as the sixth President of the United States from 1825 to 1829.

Revolution of 1828

a transforming event from several perspectives. Andrew Jackson's victory broke the line of presidents from Virginia and Massachusetts, and to many citizens represented the triumph of the common man.

Webster-Haynes debate

a famous debate in the United States between Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina that took place on January 19-27, 1830 on the topic of protectionist tariffs.

Democrats

political group that was born in 1828 and that opposed the Whigs.

Whigs

a group that believed that government power should be exercised to improve America culturally and economically.

Shakers

A religious movement that had elements of socialism, founded by Ann Lee Stanley. The Shakers lived isolated in a community of shared property with separation of the sexes.

Antebellum

generally considered to be the period before the civil war and after the War of 1812.

Transcendentalists

an intellectual movement rooted in the religious soil of New England. Transcendentalists turned to the romantics in Europe for inspiration.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century.

Henry David Thoreau

an American essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, and historian.

George Ripley

An American social reformer, Unitarian minister, and journalist associated with Transcendentalism.

Margaret Fuller

An American journalist, editor, critic, translator, and women's rights advocate associated with the American transcendentalism movement. She was the first American female war correspondent and full-time book reviewer in journalism.

Nathaniel Hawthorne

An American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer.

Second Great Awakening

A Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States that began around 1790, gained momentum by 1800, and saw rapid membership growth among Baptist and Methodist congregations after 1820.

Brigham Young

An American religious leader, politician, and settler who was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. He founded Salt Lake City and served as the first governor of the Utah Territory.

Temperance

A movement dedicated to promoting moderation and, more often, complete abstinence in the use of intoxicating liquor.

Dorothea Dix

An American activist on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who created the first generation of American mental asylums through lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress.

Horace Mann

An American educational reformer and Whig politician dedicated to promoting public education.

Susan B. Anthony

An American social reformer and women's rights activist who played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement.

Frederick Douglass

An American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman.

Harriet Tubman

An American abolitionist and political activist who escaped slavery and made approximately thirteen missions to rescue around seventy enslaved people using the Underground Railroad.

Sojourner Truth

An American abolitionist and women's rights activist.

Nat Turner

An African-American slave who led a two-day rebellion of slaves and free blacks in Southampton County, Virginia on August 21, 1831.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

An American writer and activist who was a leader of the women's rights movement in the U.S. during the mid- to late-19th century.

King Cotton

A slogan that summarized the strategy used before the American Civil War by secessionists in the southern states to claim the feasibility of secession and to prove there was no need to fear a war.