ITM711 Slides GPT Slop

Cloud Computing

A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.

Cloud Provider

The party that owns and manages cloud-based IT resources and offers them to consumers.

Cloud Consumer

The party that uses cloud-based IT resources.

IT Resource

A physical or virtual IT artifact, such as a server, software, or network device, that provides a computing capability.

On-Premise

IT resources hosted within an organization’s physical boundaries, not part of a cloud.

Virtualization

The creation of virtual versions of IT resources, such as servers or storage, enabling multiple instances to run on a single physical system.

Broadband Network

High-speed internet infrastructure that supports large data transfers required for cloud connectivity.

Multitenancy

Architecture in which a single instance of software or IT resources serves multiple consumers (tenants) while maintaining data isolation.

Service Technology

A set of web-based technologies that enable standardized communication and service integration (e.g., SOAP, REST, WSDL).

Data Center

A specialized facility that houses servers, storage systems, and networking equipment to support cloud operations.

On-Demand Self-Service

Ability for users to provision computing capabilities without human interaction with the provider.

Ubiquitous Access

Accessibility of cloud resources from various devices through standard networks.

Resource Pooling

Provider resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers dynamically.

Elasticity

The cloud’s ability to scale resources automatically based on demand.

Measured Usage

Resource usage is tracked for billing and monitoring purposes.

Resiliency

Ability to recover quickly from failures using redundant systems across locations.

Scaling

Adjusting the capacity of IT resources to meet changing demand.

Horizontal Scaling

Adding or removing identical resources (scaling out/in).

Vertical Scaling

Increasing or decreasing the capacity of an existing resource (scaling up/down).

Auto-Scaling

Automated process of adjusting compute resources based on usage metrics.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Provides virtualized computing resources like servers and storage over the internet.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Provides platforms for deploying and managing applications without managing infrastructure.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Provides access to ready-to-use applications over the internet.

IaaS + PaaS + SaaS Stack

The layered model where infrastructure hosts platforms that deliver software services.

Public Cloud

Cloud environment accessible to the public, owned and managed by a third-party provider.

Private Cloud

Cloud environment owned and operated by a single organization for internal use.

Community Cloud

Shared cloud infrastructure serving a specific group or community with common interests.

Hybrid Cloud

Combines public and private cloud infrastructures for flexibility and scalability.

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

A private environment hosted within a public cloud with isolated access.

Inter-Cloud

A connected system of multiple clouds that share resources and workloads.

Cloud Governance

Framework for managing cloud adoption, usage, performance, and security.

Vendor Management

Process of evaluating and managing relationships with cloud service providers.

IT Service Director Role

A role that focuses on selecting, integrating, and managing cloud-based services.

Data Custodian Role

Responsible for managing and protecting enterprise data stored in the cloud.

Operational Governance Control

Oversight of cloud operations to ensure compliance and efficiency.

Reduced Investments

Lower upfront capital expenditure compared to on-premise infrastructure.

Proportional Costs

Pay-per-use model where costs align with actual resource consumption.

Increased Scalability

Ability to easily adjust resources for growing demand.

Improved Reliability

Redundant systems provide high uptime and fault tolerance.

Faster Deployment

Applications and services can be deployed quickly without lengthy setups.

Security Vulnerabilities

Risks from multi-tenancy and internet-based access.

(Cloud Risk/Challenge)

Loss of Control

Reduced governance over third-party managed infrastructure.

Data Portability Issues

Difficulty in moving data between different cloud providers.
(Cloud Risk/Challenge)

Compliance Issues

Legal and regulatory challenges in storing data across regions.

(Cloud Risk/Challenge)

Upfront Costs

Initial investment costs for hardware, software, and setup.

Ongoing Costs

Recurring costs like bandwidth, licensing, and labor.

Additional Costs

Integration, lock-in, and sunk costs associated with long-term cloud use.

Network Usage Metric

Measures inbound/outbound data transfer for billing.

Server Usage Metric

Measures virtual machine usage time and capacity.

Storage Usage Metric

Measures allocated and used storage capacity.

Application Subscription Metric

Tracks users or duration for SaaS billing.

Pricing Model

Defines how resources are priced (fixed, variable, or tiered).

Volume Discount

Cost reductions based on higher usage volumes.

Cost Customization

Pricing flexibility for tailored business needs.

Bring Your Own License (BYOL)

Reusing existing software licenses in the cloud.

Cost Paradox

Idea that cloud may become more expensive over time as usage scales.

Design & Development Stage

Evaluate cost implications early in cloud service design.

Provisioning Stage

Consider automation and resource optimization for cost efficiency.

Operation Stage

Monitor and optimize ongoing costs through usage tracking.

Decommissioning Stage

Manage data migration and shut-down costs.

Pricing Calculator

Online tool (AWS, Azure, Google) for estimating cloud costs.

Service Level Agreement (SLA)

A document defining the quality, availability, and responsibilities of a cloud service.

Quality of Service (QoS)

Overall performance level of a service as defined in the SLA.

SLA Remedies

Corrections or penalties applied when service performance fails to meet terms.

Corrections

Provider actions to prevent future SLA violations.

Penalties

Financial credits or reimbursements for downtime.

SLA Monitoring

Continuous measurement of performance metrics to ensure compliance.

Independent SLA Monitoring

Third-party assessment of service performance.

Availability

The percentage of time a service is operational and accessible.

Reliability

The ability of a system to consistently perform without failure.

Performance

How quickly and efficiently a service operates.

Scalability

System’s capability to handle growth or shrinkage in workload.

Resiliency

Systems ability to recover quickly from failures.

Security

Protection of data and systems against unauthorized access or attacks.

Uptime Rate

Percentage of total operational time (e.g., 99.9% uptime).

Outage Duration

Time length of a service interruption.

Redundancy

Duplication of components to prevent downtime.

Availability Formula

Mathematical equation to calculate expected service availability based on failure likelihood and downtime.

Service Status Dashboard

Web interface showing current service availability (e.g., AWS, Azure).

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

Average time between two service failures.

Reliability Rate

Percentage of successful transactions or responses.

Data Integrity

Assurance that stored or processed data remains accurate and consistent.

Response Time

Time taken to respond to a service request.

Capacity Metric

Maximum workload a service can handle.

Completion Time

Time taken to complete a full transaction or operation.

Instance Startup Time

How quickly new virtual instances become operational.

Horizontal Scalability

Adding servers to handle more load.

Vertical Scalability

Increasing a single server’s capacity.

Storage Scalability

Ability to expand storage without downtime.

Mean Time to Switchover (MTSO)

Time to switch to a backup system after failure.

Mean Time System Recovery (MTSR)

Time to restore full service after disruption.

Disaster Recovery

Strategies ensuring operations continue during catastrophic events.

No Perimeter Security

Security focuses on data and traffic, not the physical infrastructure.

Virtualization Vulnerabilities

Risks from shared or virtualized environments.

Regulatory Compliance

Meeting legal standards for data storage and protection.

Internet Architecture

Framework that allows global connectivity and communication between clouds and users.

Packet Switching

Data transmission method where packets are routed independently.

Router-Based Interconnectivity

Network routing that connects cloud resources globally.

Latency

Delay in data transmission over a network.

Network Bandwidth

Maximum data transfer rate of a network connection.