Module 6: Psychological Interventions (Counseling and Psychotherapy)

Efficacy

The ability of treatment to produce a desired outcome.

Effectiveness

The actual impact of treatment in real-world settings.

Psychotherapy

A broad range of collaborative processes between a trained professional and client to address emotional/behavioral issues and promote change, using various techniques and theoretical approaches.

Psychoanalysis

Long-term therapy focused on unconscious processes and early life, using techniques like free association and dream analysis within a unique therapeutic relationship to gain insight.

Free Association

A technique where patients speak without censorship to reveal thoughts.

Dream Analysis

Interpreting dreams to understand hidden meanings and unconscious issues, used in psychoanalysis.

Transference

Projecting feelings from past relationships onto the therapist.

Defense Mechanisms

Unconscious strategies employed to protect against anxiety or guilt.

Ego

The rational component of personality that mediates between desires and reality.

Id

The instinctual, primitive part of personality focused on immediate gratification.

Superego

The ethical component that internalizes societal values.

Unconscious Motivation and Intentionality

Factors outside an individual's awareness significantly influence the development and maintenance of psychopathology.

Person-Oriented Perspective

The focus is on understanding the whole person, including strengths and vulnerabilities.