MATH 160 INTRO TO APPLIED TO STATISTICS MIDTERM

Based off Introduction to Modern Statistics (2e) Chapte5rs 1-

data

observations collected from field, surveys, experiments

statistics

study of how best to collect analyze, draw conclusions from data

treatment group

group that gets the treatment

control group

group that does not receive the treatment

summary statistics

a single number summarizing data from a sample.

(unit of) observation / case

a row

variable 

a characteristic of a case/observation represented in a column

data frame

a convenient and common way to organize data, especially if collecting data in a spreadsheet

tidy data

where each row is a unique case (observational unit), each column is a variable, and each cell is a single value

numerical variable

can take a wide range of numerical values, and it is sensible to add, subtract, or take averages with those value

Discrete

can only take numerical values with jump. compare to continuous.

Categorial

possible values are called a variables level