Central Nervous System and Psychotropic Medications

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to the Central Nervous System, psychotropic medications, their mechanisms, functions, and the disorders they treat.

What does the Central Nervous System (CNS) comprise of?

The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

What is the role of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

The PNS brings information into the CNS through sensory receptors and carries information away from the CNS via motor nerves.

Define the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

The ANS regulates automatic or unconscious responses to stimuli, utilizing components of the SNS and PNS.

List the functions of the cells that make up the nervous system.

They allow movement, realization of various sensations, responses to stimuli, and stimulate learning, thinking, and emotions.

What is an Action Potential in neurons?

An Action Potential is an electrical impulse that travels along the neuron, characterized by depolarization and repolarization phases.

Name a neurotransmitter that inhibits nerve activity and may prevent seizures.

Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) inhibits nerve activity and is important in preventing over-excitability.

What adverse effect is associated with Lithium toxicity at levels above 2.5 mEq/L?

At levels above 2.5 mEq/L, Lithium can cause multiorgan toxicity and significant risk of death.

Which category of antipsychotics can cause extrapyramidal symptoms?

First-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) can cause extrapyramidal symptoms.

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Phenytoin?

Phenytoin interferes with sodium channels in the brain.

What are the common side effects of Gabapentin?

Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, and mood changes.

What makes Carbidopa/Levodopa effective for treating Parkinson's Disease?

Carbidopa/Levodopa helps dopamine cross the blood-brain barrier and is used for treating Parkinson's symptoms.

What are the symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Symptoms include hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, speech abnormalities, and affective problems.