Chapter 3 - US History review

Indentured servants -

 poor immigrants who paid for passage to the colonies by agreeing to work for four to seven years

Triangular trade -

a three-part voyage where enslaved Africans came to the Americas. Slave traders sailed from Europe to Africa, where they traded manufactured goods for enslaved Africans

Middle Passage

shippers carried enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the American colonies.

Phillis Wheatley

A Person from Boston who managed to overcome enormous obstacles to distinguish themselves 

Magna Carta -

a document that English nobles forced King John to accept in 1215

Parliament -

became a bicameral, or two-house, legislature

English Bill of Rights -

a document guaranteeing a number of freedoms and restating many of the rights granted in the Magna Carta

Habeas corpus

the idea that no one could be held in prison without being charged with a specific crime

Salutary neglect

The Glorious Revolution encouraged England to adopt a colonial policy

Salutary neglect -

The Glorious Revolution encouraged England to adopt a colonial policy 

Mercantilism

 a policy that holds that a nation or an empire could build wealth and power by developing its industries and exporting manufactured goods in exchange for gold and silver

Navigation Acts

a series of trade laws that the Parliament in the mid-1600s enacted to obtain more sailors, ships, and trade. 

Benjamin Franklin

 A successful printer who embodied Enlightenment ideals. 

Great awakening

 it was a time when powerful evangelical preachers traveled from town to town giving emotion-packed sermons that deeply touched listeners

Staple crops -

crops that are in steady demand

Cash crops-

crops grown for sale

Dame schools

private schools operated out of a woman’s home

George Washington -

a young Virginian, whose troops attacked and defeated a small French force

French and Indian War

 a conflict in which Washington’s defeat touched off a world war that eventually spread from America to Europe, Asia, Africa, and the West Indies

Pontiac’s Rebellion -

an uprising after an Ottawa chief who organized an attack on Detroit began

Proclamation of 1763

- Document that ordered colonial settlers to remain east of the Appalachian Mountains

Albany plan of Union

Drafted by Benjamin Franklin, the plan called on the colonies to unite under British rule and to cooperate with one another in war

The vast majority of enslaved Africans were sent where?

The west indies

Which group immigrated to the colonies because of war, taxes, and religious persecution in their country?

The germans

After 1660, the number of immigrants from England fell because…

The English economy improved and religious conflict diminished

Why did slave traders broke families and groups apart?

To prevent rebellion

Which group was best able to preserve some of their traditions and language?

Enslaved africans in the south

Early in the 1600s, African workers were?

Treated like indentured servants and freed after several years of service

The glorious revolution was a

Coup in England during which King James II was overthrown

What was encourage under mercantilism?

Increased exports of goods and decrease import of goods

What describes tje Enlightenment?

It challenged old ways of thinking

In return for allowing salutary neglect, what did Europe expected in return?

Colonial cooperation with its economic policies

In the mid 1700s, what did the American colonies all have in common?

Agricultural economy

Outside of England education was

Less widely available

Which colonies raised staple crop, tobacco

Virgiania and Maryland

In the mid 1700s, slave labor in the middle colonies was..

Not essential

Because of new England's climate and landforms, farmers…

Raised thwir livestock and grew wheat, maize and potatoes for their own use

What describes new England's system of granting land?

Colonies granted land to groups who formed towns

Why did new England's population grow dueing the 1600s?

The region offered a balanced population and healthier living conditions

What caused the French and Indian war to shift in favor of Brittish in 1758

Brittish managed to cut off french shipping to the Americas

Which region raised the majority of of staple crops in demand by Europeans?

Southern colonies, chasepeake