CINEMA CRAM

The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

A sergio Leone western often used to illustrate shot scale (extreme close ups, long shots), continuity editing, and stylized tension-building through editing

Russian Ark

A film by Alexander Sokurov, composed of an extended continuous take, demonstrating recorded continuity, long take, and sequence shot techniques

Breathless

A French New Wave film famous for jump cuts and discontinuity editing that draws attention to the editing process

October

A soviet film by eisenstein that demonstrates intellectual, dialectical, and associational montage

A Man Escaped

A film known for its careful use of sound, offscreen space, and subjective auditory perspective

Take

One continuous recording of a shot from a camera start to stop

Master Shot

A shot that records an entire scene from start to finish, usually from a wider viewpoint

Establishing Shot

A shot that introduces the setting and spatial context of a scene

Subjective POV

A shot that shows what a character sees, placing the viewer in that characters perspective

Objective POV

A neutral camera perspective ovbserving the action from outside the character

Depth of Field

The range of distance within the image that appears in focus

Deep Focus

Keeps both foreground and background sharp, providing environmental context

Shallow Focus

Isolates a subject by blurring the background

Long Shot

A shot showing a full body and large portion of the surrounding environment

Reframing

Adjusting composition within a shot without cutting

Shot

One uninterrupted image recorded by the camera

Scene

A unit of story action occuring in one time and place

Continuity editing

Editing designed to create smooth logical flow and maintain spacial and temporal clarity

Invisible editing

Editing that is designed not to draw attention to itself

Eyeline match

A cut from a character looking to what theyre looking at

Shot/Reverse shot

Alternating shots between two characters, typically during a conversation

Match on Action

A cut that continues action seamlessly across shots

Graphic Match

A cut linking two shots with similar visual compositions

Sequence Shot

A single long take that covers an entire sequence of action

Recorded continuity

Continuity achieved through long takes and camera movement rather than editing

Montage

Editing that creates meaning through the juxtaposition of shots

Disjunctive editing

Editing that disrupts continuity and draws attention to the cuts

Discontinuity editing

Editing that intentionally breaks spatial or temporal continuity

Intellectual/Dialectical Montage

Montage that creates abstract meaning through the conflict between shots

Associational Montage

Montage linking shots through ideas or thematic association

Linkage

Connecting shots to build meaning through association

Sound bridge

Sound that continues across a cut linking two scenes

ADR

Automated Dialogue Replacement, dialogue recorded in post production and synchronized to lip movement

Underscoring

Music played beneath a scene to enhance mood

Subjective audio

Sound representing a characters internal perception