MRIS-chp 21

chemical name

exact chemical makeup

generic name

legal and scientific name

brand name

trademark of drug manufacturer

USP

united states pharmacopeia

PDR

physicians desk reference

administration of drug

• orally

• sublingual

• rectal

• inhalation

• topical

• parenteral

receptor

target of drug

action ad interaction fo drugs in the body

• combination of two drugs

• additive action

• antagonistic

• synergistic

other actions of drugs

• tolerance

• addiction

OTC

over the counter

mEq

milliequivalent

M.O.M

milk of magnesia

NSAID

nonsteriodal anti inflammatory drug

Ung

ointment

amp

ample

syr

syrup

tinct

tincture

spans

spansules

spt

spirits

elix

elixir

comp

compound

susp

suspension

emul

emulsion

tab

tablet

DsW

5% dextrose in water

caps

capsule

supp

suppository

E.C.

enteric coated

O.D.

right eye

O.S.

left eye

O.U.

both eyes

sig

let it be labeled

SS

one half

tonoc

tonight

ASA

aspirin

NTG

nitroglycerin

KVO

keep vein open

T or tblsp

tablespoon

t or tsp

teaspoon

N/G

nasogastric

cc

cubic centimeter

gr

grain

3

dram

z3

ounce

mcg

microgram

m

minus

ml

milliliters

mg or mgm

milligram

gtt

drops

IM

intramuscular

IV

intravenous

po

by mouth or orally

R

rectally

SL

sublingual

Δ

change

DHS

duration of hospital stay

PP

postprandial (following a meal)

C

with

AM

morning

PM

afternoon

BID

twice a day

TID

three times a day

QID

four times a day

AC

before a meal

PC

after a meal

Q4h

every 4 hours around the clock

Q6h

every six hours around the clock

q8h

every 8 hours around the clock

q12h

every 12 hours around the clock

MRx1

may repeat one time

prn

as needed

daw

dispense as written

IVPB

intravenous piggyback

IVP

intravenous push

bolus

large dose of medicine given at one time

drugs

substances used to prevent or treat a disease or condition

synthesized

made for commercial purpose in a laboratory

vitamins

A drug that can occur naturally in a plant or an animal source, and are contained in food

prescription

written order from a physician

pharmacy technician

helps liscenced pharmacists provide medications and other health care products to patients

pharmacology

strudy of the discoverey, properties and uses of drugs

pharmacodynamics

study of a drugs effects on its target in the body

pharmokinetics

study of a drug’s absorption, distribution into the body compartments, metabolism, and excretion over a period of time

medical chemistry

study of new drug synthesis and the relationship between chemical structure and biological effects

molecular pharmacology

interactions of drugs and subcellular entities, such as DNA, RNA, and enzymes. provides important information about the mechanism of a drug

chemotherapy

The study of drugs that destroy infectious microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites as well as cancerous cells

toxicology

the study of the harmful effects of drugs and chemicals on the body

antidotes

substances that prevent or reverse the unwanted effects of drugs

FDA

decides whether a drug may be distributed and sold and for what specific disease indication or disease

united states pharmacopeia (USP)

reviews the available commercial drugs and continually reappraises their effectiveness in specific medical conditions

hospital formulary

gives information about the characteristics of drugs and their clinical usage as apporved by that particualr hospital

physicians desk reference (PDR)

published by a private firm and drug manufacturers pay to have drugs listed, identifies drugs, along with a complete description of the properties and approved indications. gives precautions, side effect warnings, and recommended dosage.

oral administration

drugs given by mouth that dissolve in the fluid of the stomach or the intestinal tract, then enter the blood stream

sublingual administration

drugs placed under the tongue dissolve in saliva

rectal administration

suppositories and aqueous solutions inserted into the rectum

parenteral administration

injection of a drug through a hollow needle placed under the skin, into a muscle, vein, or body cavity

intracavitary instillation

injection made into a body cavity

intradermal injection

superficial injection made into the upper layers of the skin, used in skin testing for allergic reactions

subcutaneous injection

small hypodermic needle introduced to the subcutaneous tissue under the skin,

• upper arm

• thigh

• abdomen

intramuscular injection

the buttock or upper arm is the usual injection site that goes into the muscle

• rapid absorption of a single dose of drugs