[SET 1 ] The Natural World | Environmental impacts of Logging.

aquatic (adj)

living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water.

array

a large group of things or people, especially one that is attractive or causes admiration or has been positioned in a particular way.

sự bày binh bố trận, sắp xếp chỉnh tề/ mảng, loạt, dãy, phạm vi. ex. an array of options.

defense

the ability to protect against attack or harm, or something used to protect against attack or harm: The vaccine strengthens the body’s defenses against infection.

A defense is also an argument in support of something, esp. when it has been criticized: Her defense consisted of denying that she knew anything about the missing check.

The defense is the person or people in a court who have been accused of doing something wrong, and their lawyer: The defense rests (= This side has finished giving its argument).

(in sports) the ability to prevent the opposition from scoring points in a competition, or, esp. in football, the team without the ball that is trying to prevent its opposition from scoring points: The team has pretty good scoring ability, but it’s weak on defense.

deforestation

the cutting down of trees in a large area, or the destruction of forests by people: Deforestation is destroying large areas of tropical rain forest.

erosion

a process in which soil, stone, etc. is gradually damaged and removed by the waves, rain, or wind, or the result of this action:

• coastal erosion The figures do not take account of environmental losses such as coastal erosion. (bờ biển mài mòn)

• soil erosion The landscape is marked by gullies and ravines formed by soil erosion. (xói mòn đất)

extend

to add to something in order to make it bigger or longer: The government has produced a series of leaflets designed to extend (= increase) public awareness of the dangers of AIDS.

to reach, stretch, or continue:

• extend for The Sahara Desert extends for miles.

• extend beyond The path extends beyond the end of the road.

• extend to Rain is expected to extend to (= arrive in) all parts of the country by this evening.

to offer or give something to someone:

• extend an invitation

• extend your condolences

• extend your sympathies

• extend your thanks I would like to extend my thanks to you for your kindness.

• extend a welcome The chairperson extended a warm welcome to the guest speaker.

The government is extending aid to people who have been affected by the earthquake.

fell

to cut down a tree: A great number of trees were felled to provide space for grazing.

to knock someone down, especially in sports: He eventually felled his opponent with a punch to the head.

inhibit

• to prevent someone from doing something by making them feel nervous or embarrassed: Some workers were inhibited by the presence of their managers.

be inhibited from Some workers were inhibited from speaking by the presence of their managers.

• to prevent something from developing in the way or at the rate that is possible:

inhibit competition/growth/innovation Authorities fear that fewer, bigger airlines will inhibit competition.

intercept

• to stop and catch something or someone before that thing or person is able to reach a particular place: Law enforcement agents intercepted a shipment of drugs from Central America.

• to stop things, people, etc. as they go to a particular place:

Police intercepted a boat carrying over a million packs of cigarettes into the country illegally.

• to intercept calls/communications/emails

logging

the activity of cutting down trees in order to get wood that can be sold:

• a commercial logging company

• a logging contract/operation/project China accounts for 30% of the wood exported from Brazil's logging operations.

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myriad

a very large number of something: a myriad of choices

myriad of And now myriads of bars and hotels are opening up along the coast.

The past has determined us in myriads of ways of which we are unaware.

stabilize

• If something stabilizes, it becomes fixed or stops changing: He suffered a second heart attack two days ago but his condition has now stabilized.

• If you stabilize something, you cause it to become fixed or to stop changing: In China, the policy of one child per family was introduced to stabilize the country's population at 1.6 billion.

• if something such as an economy or system stabilizes or if something stabilizes it, it becomes able to continue in a regular and successful way without unexpected changes: A package of monetary and fiscal policies aimed at stabilizing the economy was announced yesterday.

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terrestrial

(of animals) living on the land rather than in the water or air.

relating to television programmes that are not broadcast by cable or satellite: terrestrial TV.

relating to the planet earth, or living or existing on the land rather than in the sea or air: Newton investigated terrestrial and celestial motion.

vanish

to disappear or stop being present or existing, especially in a sudden, surprising way: We ran out after the thief, but he had vanished into thin air (= had completely disappeared).

Her smile vanished.

vegetation

plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area:

The railway track will have to be cleared of vegetation if it is to be used again.

Much of the region's native vegetation has been damaged by developers who are building hotels along the coast.

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