Periodic Table
B
Boron
what are the diatomic elements
Hydrogen + Nitrogen+ Fluorine +Oxygen + Iodine + Carbon + Bromine
What is Matter
Everything that has mass and take up space
What is Mass
Mass refers to the amount of particles an object consists of
What is an Element
the simplest type of chemical substance that can not exist on its own
What is an Atom
The smallest particle of matter that can exist on its own
What is a Pure Substance
A single kind of matter that can not be separated by any physical means
What is a Compound
two or more elements that have been chemically bonded according to a fixed ratio
What is a Molecule
A group of atoms bonded together that represent the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound
What is a Diatomic Element
Pure Element that forms molecules consisting of two or more atoms bonded together
What is a Mixture
A material made up of two or more different chemical substances which are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical means
Fe
Iron
Cu
Copper
Zn
Zinc
Ag
Silver
Pt
Platinum
Au
Gold
Hg
Mercury (liquid at room temp)
Pd
Lead
P
Phophorus
K
Potassium
Br
Bromine (liquid at room temp)
Name the Semi-Metals
Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium and Polonium
Mn
Manganese
Co
Cobat
Ni
Nickel
HE
Helium
Li
Lithuim
Be
Beryllium
C
Carbon
H
Hydrogen
what is the definition of ph
a scale that is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration,
it is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Scale 1-14
what is the definition of an Acid
a substance that will donate protons
lots of hydrogen ions (protons)
what is the definition of a Base
A substance that will easily accept a proton
what is the definition of an Alkali
A proton acceptor that is soluble in water
what is the definition of a Strong Acid
Very willing to give up protons and become completely ionized
what is the definition of a Weak Acid
harder to donate a proton
only ionises partially
ph 5-6.9
what is the definition of a strong base
very willing to accept protons and thus dissociate completely in water especially Group 1
hydroxide
ph 10-14
what is group 17 on the periodic table
halogens
what is group 18 on the periodic table
noble gases
what is group 1 on the periodic table
alkali metals
what is group 2 on the periodic table
alkaline earth metals
How do you know when a chemical reaction took place
A colour change
An odour is released
Bubbles or frizzing
It feels hot (exothermic) or cold (endothermic)
Chemical Change
new product is formed
old bonds between reactants break and new bonds are formed in their place
Physical change
phase change occurs
molecules remain the same and can return to their original form
Exothermic reaction
energy is lost to the surroundings
More energy is given out than what was required to start the reaction
explosion might happen
product is much colder than reactant
Endothermic Reaction
more energy is put into reaction than what is put in
air around the reaction is warm
energy is taken from the surroundings
product is much warmer than the reactants
what is a combustion reaction
always involves oxygen