Chapter 4: Human Population Dynamics
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12 Terms
famine
Catastrophic food shortages, often caused by drought and political unrest
Total fertility rate
The average number of children expected to be born to a woman during her lifetime
“Baby boom”
The drastic increase in birth rates in the 1940s, after World War II
Per capita
Per person
Demographics
The study of populations
Age structure
A population divided into groups/cohorts by age
IPAT equation
Impact of humans= population x affluence x technology
Gross domestic product (GDP)
The value of all products and services produced in one year in a country
Plague
Wide-scale or widespread disease
Demographic transition
The pattern of change in birth and death rates as a country is transformed from less developed to more developed
Replacement-level fertility
Fertility rate required for the population to remain a constant size; in MDCs, replacement level fertility typically equals 2.1
Population momentum (lag effect)
The continued growth of a population that occurs after replacement-level fertility is reached
Note 
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