DP History Paper 1: Japanese Expansionism

Anti-Comintern Pact

In 1936 Japan signed this with Germany and it was later ratified by Italy. It was in opposition to Communism but actually proved to be the foundation for diplomatic alliance between these three powers.

Pact of Steel

May 1939 - Italy and Germany; turned the Rome-Berlin axis into a full scale military and political alliance, an aggressive agreement

Tripartite Pact

1940 alliance between Japan, Germany, and Italy.

Mukden Incident

Japanese blew up their own railroad in Manchuria; blamed it on China. Excuse to go to war with china

Rape of Nanjing

Brutal Japanese attack on Chinese capital 1937-1938

Meiji restoration

In 1868, a Japanese state-sponsored industrialization and westernization effort that also involved the elimination of the Shogunate and power being handed over to the Japanese Emperor, who had previously existed as mere spiritual/symbolic figure.

Marco Polo Bridge Incident

A clash between Japanese and Chinese troops in the outskirts of Beijing on July 7, 1937. The Japanese government used this as an excuse to occupy Beijing. When Chiang Kai Shek refused to give way, full-scale war broke out between China and Japan.

First Sino-Japanese War

conflict between China and Japan in 1894-1895 over control of Korea

Second Sino-Japanese War

Series of incidents between China and Japan in the summer of 1937, most were open warfare

Attack on Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941

Lytton Report

Evaluating fault of Mukden incident, March 1932 blames Japan for aggression causing Japan to leave the League of Nations

Triple Intervention

the combination of Russia, France, and Germany that pressured Japan to renounce the Liaodong peninsula in Manchuria in 1895

Russo-Japanese War

(1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions(Korea). Japan emerges victorious.

Second United Front

Alliance between the Kuomintang (KMT) and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the Second Sino-Japanese War that suspended the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1946.

21 demands

A list of demands that sought to make China a Japanese protectorate

Shintoism

Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism.

East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere

Imperial Japan's propaganda advocating Asia's release from European colonialists and creation of a new economy for Asians

Treaty of Tanggu

1933 treaty signed by Chiang acceding to Japanese control of Manchuria

Manchukuo

Japanese puppet state established in Manchuria in 1931

Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

After much deliberation, the U.S. decided to drop their newly developed atomic bomb killing thousands. After Japan didn't surrender, the U.S. dropped another one a few days after

Washington Naval Conference

1921--Britain, France, Italy, Japan & US agree to limit size of navy

Stimson Doctrine

1932, Hoover's Secretary of State said the US would not recognize territorial changes resulting from Japan's invasion of Manchuria

Annexation of Korea

War where Korea was taken over by Japan as a colony in attempt to create a stronger Japan after isolation

May 15th Incident

An attempted coup d'état in the Empire of Japan launched by reactionary elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy, aided by cadets in the Imperial Japanese Army and civilian remnants of the ultra nationalist League of Blood.