Studied by 1 person
Asomatognosia
________:: failure to recognize parts of ones own body- damage in the right posterior parietal cortex or premotor cortex.
Cognitive Evaluation
________:: thoughts on the pain, address it as decisions.
sports
Pain can be suppressed- ________ injuries, religious rituals, life- threatening situations.
Sense of touch neurons
________ are longest in the body- going from longest toe upward thru the spinal cord into the medulla at the brain stem and then to the thalamus.
Dermatomes
________:: a strip of skin innervated by a particular spinal nerve.
situational motivations
Motivational- Affective:: ________ and emotions.
Substance P
________:: further stimulates cells to promote action at the skin level.
Haptic sensation
________:: perception of fine touch and pressure.
Astereognosia
________:: inability to recognize objects by touch- focal cortical lesion at area SII, which integrates inputs from finger joints w /tactile info.
Nociception
________:: perception of pain and temp; free nerve endings.
Neurons
________ are activated- collaterals that come off and release Substance P.
Sensory transduction
________:: when a receptor cells converts the energy of a stimulus into action potentials.
Phantom limb pain
________:: some patients can be treated w /mirror image boxes and are more receptive to prosthesis b /c brain is still maintaining cortical space for the missing limb.
high sensitivity
Glabrous:: non- hairy skin; ________ (palms of hands, lips, tongues, soles of feet)
Pain fibers
________ release glutamate which goes up the spinal cord and signals the brain.
Substance P
Endorphins:: if enough endorphins are produced, ________ turns down= less pain.
Sensory transduction
when a receptor cells converts the energy of a stimulus into action potentials
Multiple specialized areas at multiple levels
interconnected by multiple parallel pathways
Think on a comparative level
how is there variation across species
Black fly, panther chameleon, American bald eagle
examples of ocular differences
Glabrous
non-hairy skin; high sensitivity (palms of hands, lips, tongues, soles of feet)
Glabrous skin
3mm
Hairy skin
2+cm
Nociception
perception of pain and temp; free nerve endings
Haptic sensation
perception of fine touch and pressure
Sense of touch neurons are longest in the body
going from longest toe upward thru the spinal cord into the medulla at the brain stem and then to the thalamus
Toe → medulla; medulla → thalamus (crisscrosses
if on right side, will move to left); thalamus → somatosensory cortex
Area of the medulla = decassation
criss-crosses
Dermatomes
a strip of skin innervated by a particular spinal nerve
Sensory-Discriminative
good pain vs. bad pain; where is the pain
Motivational-Affective
situational motivations and emotions
Cognitive-Evaluation
thoughts on the pain, address it as decisions
Adaptiveness of pain
pain is bad, but important for survival
Lack of clear cortical representation
remove SI and SII and we still perceive pain
Pain can be suppressed
sports injuries, religious rituals, life-threatening situations
Pain Pathways
Anterolateral System
A Delta fibers
large in diameter, myelinated axons, fast travel = sharp pain
C fibers
thin, unmyelinated axons, slow travel = dull or throbbing pain
Neurons are activated
collaterals that come off and release Substance P
Substance P
further stimulates cells to promote action at the skin level
Glutamate
mild pain
Substance P
intense pain
Endorphins
if enough endorphins are produced, Substance P turns down = less pain
Phantom limb pain
some patients can be treated w/mirror image boxes and are more receptive to prosthesis b/c brain is still maintaining cortical space for the missing limb
Naloxone
opioid antagonist
Methadone
opioid agonist
