CLEP AMERICAN GOVERNMENT TEST 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+(2025)

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE UNITED STATED CONGRESS?

(A) AGRICULTURE

(B) APPROPRIATIONS

(C) VETERAN'S AFFAIRS

(D) INVESTIGATIONS

(E) BUDGET

D. Investigations

A PERSON WHO VOTES BASED ON WHAT A CANDIDATE SAYS HE OR SHE WILL DO IN THE FUTURE IS SAID TO BE:

(A) ENGAGING IN RETROSPECTIVE VOTING

(B) RESPONDING TO ATTACK ADS

(C) RESPONDING TO CONTRAST ADS

(D) ENGAGING IN PROSPECTIVE VOTING

(E) RESPONDING TO NAME RECOGNITION

D. engaging in prospective voting

SHOULD PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES RECEIVE AN EQUAL NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES, THE ELECTION IS DECIDED BY:

(A) THE LEGISLATURES OF MAINE AND NEBRASKA

(B) A CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

(C) THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

(D) THE SENATE

(E) THE SUPREME COURT

C. the House of Representatives

"A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE PEOPLE ARE THE ULTIMATE POLITICAL AUTHORITY."

THESE WORDS BEST DEFINE WHAT POLITICAL ARRANGEMENT?

(A) REPUBLICANISM

(B) DEMOCRACY

(C) ONE PERSON, ONE VOTE

(D) CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY

(E) MOBOCRACY

B. Democracy

NEW ENGLAND'S TOWN MEETINGS ARE EXAMPLES OF:

(A) A PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM

(B) OGLIGARCHY

(C) DIRECT DEMOCRACY

(D) DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM

(E) CONCURRENCE

C. direct democracy

UNDER THE PEN NAME "PUBLIUS," ALEXANDER HAMILTON, JAMES MADISON, AND JOHN JAY WROTE:

(A) THE FEDERALIST PAPERS

(B) THE ANTI-FEDERALIST PAPERS

(C) COMMON SENSE

(D) LEVIATHAN

(E) SECOND TREATISE ON GOVERNMENT

A. The Federalist Papers

FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT JUDGES ARE:

(A) NOMINATED BY THE PRESIDENT AND CONFIRMED BY THE SENATE.

(B) NOMINATED BY THE CHIEF JUSTICE AND CONFIRMED BY THE SENATE.

(C) ELECTED BY STANDING JUDGES OF THE SAME CIRCUIT.

(D) NOMINATED BY A SENATOR AND CONFIRMED BY THE ENTIRE SENATE.

(E) ELECTED BY THE CITIZENS OF THE DISTRICT IN WHICH THEY WILL SERVE.

A. nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

IN THE 17TH CENTURY, THE SIGNERS OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS AGREED TO LIVE UNDER THE COLONY'S RECOGNIZED AUTHORITY AND TO WAIT FOR A ROYAL CHARTER, SUCH AS THE VIRGINIANS HAD?

(A) THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT

(B) THE MAGNA CARTA

(C) THE FEDERALIST

(D) THE ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS

(E) THE MARSHALL PLAN

A. the Mayflower Compact

A PERSON WHO BELIEVES THAT THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD DO WHAT THE MAJORITY OF THE PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY WANT TO DO IS ADVOCATING:

(A) LIBERTARIANISM

(B) PLURALIST THEORY

(C) POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

(D) ELITE THEORY

(E) MAJORITARIANISM

E. majoritarianism

THE STATE OFFICER TYPICALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR OVERSEEING FEDERAL ELECTIONS AT THE STATE LEVEL IS THE:

(A) SECRETARY OF STATE

(B) ATTORNEY GENERAL

(C) STATE AUDITOR

(D) GOVERNOR

(E) STATE TREASURER

A. Secretary of State.

THE PURPOSE OF THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE IS TO:

(A) DECIDE IN DISPUTES BETWEEN THE EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIARY BRANCHES

(B) CHOOSE THE U.S. PRESIDENT

(C) BREAK THE TIE VOTES IN THE SENATE

(D) PROMOTE HIGHER EDUCATION

(E) REGULATE STATE ELECTION POLICIES

B. choose the U.S. president

MOST AMERICANS BELIEVE THAT:

(A) THE NEEDS OF THE INDIVIDUAL SHOULD BE SUBORDINATE TO THOSE OF THE COMMUNITY

(B) EVERYONE SHOULD ENJOY EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR PERSONAL AND MATERIAL SUCCESS

(C) THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROVIDE FREE HEALTHCARE FOR ALL CITIZENS

(D) THE GOVERNMENT RATHER THAN INDUSTRY SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

(E) CONGRESS RATHER THAN THE PRESIDENT SHOULD DETERMINE FOREIGN POLICY

B. everyone should enjoy equal opportunities for personal and material success.

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE PRINCIPLES UPON WHICH THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION WAS FOUNDED EXCEPT:

(A) EVERY STATE IS EQUAL AND THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CANNOT GIVE SPECIAL RIGHTS TO AN INDIVIDUAL STATE

(B) THERE SHOULD BE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT TO MAKE, EXECUTE, AND INTERPRET THE NATION'S LAWS.

(C) ALL MEN ARE EQUAL BEFORE THE LAW REGARDLESS OF SOCIAL STANDING

(D) THE BEST GOVERNMENT IS A GOVERNMENT BY LAWS NOT BY MEN

(E) ALL CITIZENS SHOULD HAVE THE RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS

E. All citizens should have the right to keep and bear arms.

THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PROMOTES:

(A) DOMESTIC AGGREGATE DEMAND AND SUPPLY

(B) INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

(C) FAIR PRICES AND STABLE MARKETS FOR PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS

(D) IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY THROUGH RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION

(E) BETTER WORKING CONDITIONS AND IMPROVED RELATIONS BETWEEN LABOR AND MANAGEMENT

B. international trade and economic growth.

IN THE DEBATES OVER THE CONSTITUTION, THE FEDERALISTS AND ANTI-FEDERALISTS SPOKE OF "FACTIONS" THE WAY WE TODAY SPEAK OF

(A) DELEGATES

(B) EARMARKS

(C) EXECUTIVE ORDERS

(D) INTEREST GROUPS

(E) CAUCUSES

D. interest groups

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SUPREME COURT CASES REFUTED THE DOCTRINE OF "SEPARATE BUT EQUAL"?

(A) BAKER V. CARR

(B) MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND

(C) GARCIA V. SAN ANTONIO

(D) BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION

(E) MIRANDA V. ARIZONA

D. Brown v. Board of Education

THE U.S. CONSTITUTION REQUIRES THAT POLITICAL AUTHORITY BE DIVIDED AMONG THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT. THIS IS REFERRED TO AS:

(A) THE SEPARATION OF POWERS

(B) CHECKS AND BALANCES

(C) CLOTURE

(D) STARE DECISIS

(E) the wall of separation

A. the separation of powers

THE ENGLISH PHILOSOPHER WHOSE WORDS ARE HEAVILY DRAWN ON IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE WAS:

(A) THOMAS HOBBES

(B) JOHN LOCKE

(C) EDMUND BURKE

(D) DAVID HUME

(E) ADAM SMITH

B. John Locke

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE TYPICAL STANCES OF AMERICAN LIBERALS EXCEPT

(A) SUPPORT FOR ABORTION RIGHTS

(B) CONCERN FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED

(C) RESISTANCE TO STATE INVOLVEMENT WITH RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS.

(D) SUPPORT FOR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE UNITED NATIONS

(E) OPPOSITION TO THE EXPANSION OF GOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITY AND REGULATION

E. opposition to the expansion of governmental activity and regulation.

INSOFAR AS THE CONSTITUTION IS CONCERNED, MEMBERS OF CONGRESS RECEIVE PAYMENT FOR THEIR WORK FROM

(A) THEIR POLITICAL PARTIES

(B) THEIR STATE LEGISLATURES

(C) THE U.S. TREASURY

(D) POLITICAL GIFTS

(E) INTEREST GROUPS

C. the US Treasury

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION WERE REPEALED?

I. THE 18TH AMENDMENT (PROHIBITION)

II. THE 4TH AMENDMENT (SEARCH AND SEIZURE)

III. THE 19TH AMENDMENT (THE RIGHT TO VOTE)

(A) I ONLY

(B) II ONLY

(C) I AND II ONLY

(D) II AND III ONLY

(E) I, II, AND III

A. I only (The 18th Amendment [Prohibition])

THE VICE PRESIDENT OF THE U.S. IS THE PRESIDENT OF WHAT GOVERNMENT BODY?

(A) FEDERAL JUDICIARY

(B) SENATE

(C) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

(D) DEPT. OF HOMELAND SECURITY

(E) MILITARY

B. Senate

WHAT IS THE MINIMUM AGE SPECIFIED IN THE CONSTITUTION FOR MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES?

(A) 18

(B) 20

(C) 25

(D) 28

(E) 30

C. 25

WHICH EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT WAS CREATED FIRST?

(A) COMMERCE

(B) DEFENSE

(C) LABOR

(D) TRANSPORTATION

(E) STATE

E. State

THE CONSTITUTION EMPOWERS CONGRESS TO COIN MONEY, DECLARE WAR, AND ADMIT NEW STATES TO THE UNION. THESE POWERS ARE REFERRED TO AS:

(A) NATIONAL POWERS

(B) IMPLIED POWERS

(C) ELASTIC POWERS

(D) INFERENTIAL POWERS

(E) ENUMERATED POWERS

E. enumerated powers

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT CONSIDERED A CIVIL LIBERTY?

(A) FREEDOM OF SPEECH

(B) THE RIGHT OF EQUAL PROTECTION

(C) THE RIGHT OF DUE PROCESS

(D) FREEDOM OF RELIGION

(E) THE RIGHT TO WORK

E. The right to work

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DOES NOT ACTIVELY LOBBY CONGRESS?

(A) LABOR UNIONS

(B) POLITICAL PARTIES

(C) CORPORATIONS

(D) FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

(E) SENIOR CITIZENS

B. Political parties

THE STRONGEST FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO AN INDIVIDUAL'S POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION TENDS TO BE:

(A) FAMILY

(B) PEERS

(C) MEDIA

(D) SCHOOL

(E) RELIGION

A. family

IN WHICH OF THE NATION'S FOUNDING DOCUMENTS COULD ONE POINT TO AN "ELASTIC CAUSE" TO JUSTIFY THE EXISTENCE OF LARGE GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES SUCH AS THE DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES?

(A) THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

(B) FEDERALIST NO. 10

(C) THE BILL OF RIGHTS

(D) THE CONSTITUTION

(E) MARBURY V. MADISON

D. the Constitution

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING EXPLAIN WHY THE FOUNDERS OF THE CONSTITUTION DECIDED UPON A BICAMERAL RATHER THAN A UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE?

I. IT BALANCED THE INTERESTS OF LOW-AND HIGH-POPULATION STATES BY GIVING SMALLER STATES A VOICE IN THE SENATE THAT THEIR LOW POPULATIONS WOULD NOT GRANT THEM IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

II. EITHER LEGISLATURE COULD BLOCK LEGISLATION APPROVED BY THE OTHER, THEREBY STRENGTHENING THE AMERICAN SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES.

III. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WAS GRANTED RESPONSIBILITY FOR DOMESTIC AFFAIRS WHILE THE SENATE SPECIALIZED IN AMERICA'S RELATIONS WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD.

(A) I ONLY

(B) I AND II ONLY

(C) II AND III ONLY

(D) III ONLY

(E) I, II, and III

B. I and II only

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN EXAMPLE OF CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT?

(A) COMMITTEE INQUIRIES AND HEARINGS

(B) SENATE ADVICE AND CONSENT FOR PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATIONS

(C) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IMPEACHMENT PROCEEDINGS AND SENATE TRIALS

(D) OVERRIDE OF A PRESIDENTIAL VETO

(E) FORMAL CONSULTATIONS WITH AND REPORTS FROM THE PRESIDENT

D. Override of a presidential veto

THE TENTH AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION STATES THAT GOVERNMENT POWERS "NOT DELEGATED TO THE U.S. BY THE CONSTITUTION, NOR PROHIBITED BY IT TO THE STATES" ARE RESERVED FOR THE

(A) COURTS

(B) POLITICAL PARTIES

(C) STATE LEGISLATURES

(D) STATE LEGISLATURES AND THE PEOPLE

(E) STATE LEGISLATURES, THE PEOPLE, AND THE COURTS

D. state legislatures and the people

ONE OF THE OBJECTS OF "JIM CROW" LAWS WAS TO:

(A) DISENFRANCHISE AMERICANS OF COLOR

(B) LIMIT SOFT-MONEY CONTRIBUTIONS

(C) EMPOWER SOUTHERN BLACKS

(D) PROTECT THE ECONOMIES OF SOUTHERN STATES

(E) DESEGREGATE SOUTHERN SCHOOLS

A. disenfranchise Americans of color.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE LARGEST INTEREST GROUP IN THE UNITED STATES?

(A) THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (AMA)

(B) THE NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION (NRA)

(C) THE UNITED AUTO WORKERS (UAW)

(D) THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF RETIRED PERSONS (AARP)

(E) THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE (NAACP)

D. The American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)

PROPONENTS OF LIMITED GOVERNMENT, UNREGULATED FREE MARKETS, NATIONAL SELF-RELIANCE, AND CONVENTIONAL SOCIAL VALUES ARE BEST DESCRIBED AS:

(A) LIBERALS

(B) SOCIALISTS

(C) LIBERTARIANS

(D) CONSERVATIVES

(E) LEFTISTS

D. conservatives

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING METHODS MAY BE USED TO PROPOSE AN AMENDMENT TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION?

I. BY THE PASSAGE OF A TWO-THIRDS VOTE IN BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS

II. BY THE REQUEST OF THREE-FOURTHS OF THE STATE LEGISLATURES

III. BY A NATIONAL CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION CALLED BY CONGRESS ON THE REQUEST OF TWO-THIRDS OF THE STATE LEGISLATURES

(A) I ONLY

(B) II ONLY

(C) III ONLY

(D) I AND II ONLY

(E) I AND III ONLY

E. I and III only

SENATORS HAVE THE POWER TO "TALK A BILL TO DEATH."

WHAT IS THE FORMAL TERM FOR THIS PROCEDURE?

(A) FILIBUSTER

(B) CONCURRENCE

(C) CLOTURE

(D) ANARCHISM

(E) GRIDLOCK

A. filibuster

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONSERVATION OF AMERICA'S NATURAL RESOURCES?

(A) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

(B) DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

(C) DEPARTMENT OF STATE

(D) DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

(E) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

A. Department of the Interior

THE TERM "ADMINISTRATIVE DISCRETION" REFERS TO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?

(A) THE PRESIDENT SETS THE NATION'S POLITICAL AGENDA

(B) CONGRESS SETS GUIDELINES FOR GOVERNMENT AGENCIES TO FOLLOW

(C) ONE CHAMBER OF CONGRESS FAILS TO PASS A BILL THAT DOES PASS IN THE OTHER CHAMBER

(D) STANDING COMMITTEES DETERMINE WHAT BILLS WILL AND WILL NOT RECEIVE ATTENTION

(E) FEDERAL COURTS CAN DECLARE UNCONSTITUTIONAL LAWS PASSED BY CONGRESS AND SIGNED BY PRESIDENTS

B. Congress sets guidelines for government agencies to follow

THE REAL ID ACT OF 2005 WAS AN EXAMPLE OF:

(A) A BLOCK GRANT

(B) AN UNFUNDED MANDATE

(C) A CATEGORICAL GRANT

(D) COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM

(E) PROJECT HEAD START

B. unfunded mandate

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION GRANTS THE RIGHT TO:

(A) NOT BE TRIED TWICE FOR THE SAME OFFENSE

(B) A TRIAL BY JURY IN ALL CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CASES

(C) VOTE FOR ALL CITIZENS OF THE AGE 21 OR OLDER

(D) REASONABLE HEALTH AND MEDICAL CARE

(E) BE INDICTED BY A GRAND JURY

A. not be tried twice for the same offense

WHICH STRATEGY HAS BEEN MOST SUCCESSFUL FOR CONGRESSIONAL LOBBYISTS?

(A) GRASSROOTS MOBILIZATION

(B) PUBLIC INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS

(C) TESTIMONY IN CONGRESS

(D) ENDORSEMENTS OF CANDIDATES FOR PUBLIC OFFICE

(E) FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS

E. Financial contributions to political campaigns

ACCORDING TO LAW, THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES MUST BE:

(A) AT LEAST 35 YEARS OLD

(B) A COLLEGE GRADUATE

(C) WEALTHY ENOUGH TO AFFORD A CAMPAIGN

(D) UNCONNECTED TO A RELIGION

(E) A LIFELONG RESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

A. at least 35 years old

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION WAS OPPOSED BY WHICH GROUP?

(A) ABOLITIONISTS

(B) ROYALISTS

(C) NATIONALISTS

(D) SMALLER STATES

(E) FEDERALISTS

B. Royalists

THE CONSTITUTION GRANTS CONGRESS THE POWER TO DO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:

(A) BORROW MONEY FOR THE PUBLIC TREASURY

(B) DECLARE WAR

(C) GOVERN COMMERCE AMONG THE STATES AND WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES

(D) TAX EXPORTS FROM ANY ONE STATE

(E) COIN MONEY AND SET ITS VALUE

D. tax exports from any one state.

A PIECE OF LEGISLATION PROPOSED TO CONGRESS IS CALLED:

(A) A DOCKET

(B) AN EARMARK

(C) A BILL

(D) CASEWORK

(E) A LOBBY

C. a bill

THE AGENCY THAT PROVIDES CONGRESS WITH EVALUATIONS OF PUBLIC POLICIES IS THE:

(A) DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

(B) DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

(C) OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

(D) OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET

(E) GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE

E. General Accounting Office.

WHAT DO UNANIMOUS CONSENT AGREEMENTS ACCOMPLISH?

(A) THEY MOVE LEGISLATION QUICKLY THROUGH THE HOUSE COMMITTEE SYSTEM

(B) THEY PROVIDE FOR POLITICAL PARTY UNANIMITY AT NOMINATING CONVENTIONS

(C) THEY MELD VARIOUS CONCURRENT OPINIONS INTO A SINGLE DOCUMENT

(D) THEY PROVIDE FOR UNANIMOUS VOTES IN THE SENATE

(E) THEY END DEBATE IN THE SENATE

E. they end debate in the Senate

THE FEDERAL AND STATE COURT SYSTEMS:

(A) ARE DISTINCT AND DEAL WITH COMPLETELY SEPARATE LEGAL ISSUES AND JURISDICTIONS

(B) ARE BOTH SUBORDINATE TO FEDERAL AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS

(C) WORK TOGETHER TO INTERPRET FEDERAL LAW AND TO UPHOLD THE CONSTITUTION

(D) FUNCTION IN A PARALLEL MANNER SO THAT FEDERAL COURTS MAY RECEIVE APPEALS FROM STATE COURTS

(E) HAVE DIFFERING JURISDICTIONS SO THAT NO FEDERAL COURT CAN HEAR AN APPEAL FROM A STATE COURT

D. function in a parallel manner so that federal courts may receive appeals from state courts.

WHEN VOTING FOR PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES, RESIDENTS OF THE STATES ARE SAYING THAT THEY WANT THEIR STATE'S ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTES TO GO TO THAT CANDIDATE.

THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF:

(A) INDIRECT DEMOCRACY

(B) NULLIFICATION

(C) LOGROLLING

(D) TYRANNY OF THE MAJORITY

(E) EMINENT DOMAIN

A. indirect democracy

AN INTEREST GROUP PERCEIVES A PROBLEM AND THEN WORKS TO ENCOURAGE LEGISLATION THAT ADDRESSES THE PROBLEM. INTEREST GROUPS CAN LEGALLY PROMOTE THEIR AGENDAS BY DOING ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:

(A) PAYING A LEGISLATOR IN EXCHANGE FOR A VOTE IN FAVOR OF THE INTEREST GROUP

(B) USING THE INTEREST GROUP'S LEGISLATIVE POWER TO SWING THE VOTE

(C) WRITING LETTERS TO THE PRESIDENT

(D) USING LETTERS, E-MAILS, OR PHONE CALLS TO GET THE LEGISLATOR'S ATTENTION

(E) ORGANIZING PEACEFUL PROTESTS

A. paying a legislator in exchange for a vote in favor of the interest group

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INTEREST GROUPS MIGHT MAKE USE OF LITIGATION RATHER THAN LOBBYING TO ADVANCE THEIR INTERESTS

(A) PRISONERS

(B) UNIONS

(C) CORPORATIONS

(D) SENIOR CITIZENS

(E) EDUCATORS

A. Prisoners

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WERE WEAKNESSES OF THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION?

I. THE GOVERNMENT LACKED THE POWER TO COMPEL STATES TO HONOR NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS

II. THE GOVERNMENT HAD NO POWERS OF TAXATION

III. IT FAILED TO PROVIDE THE AUTHORITY TO NEGOTIATE PEACE WITH ENGLAND

(A) I ONLY

(B) I AND II

(C) I, II, AND III

(D) II AND III

(E) III ONLY

B. I and II

WHEN A BILL HAS PASSED THROUGH A SUBCOMMITTEE, A FULL COMMITTEE, AND BOTH CONGRESSIONAL HOUSES, THE PRESIDENT CAN STILL KILL THE BILL VIA VETO. WHAT MUST HAPPEN FOR A PRESIDENTIAL VETO TO BE OVERTURNED?

(A) A TWO-THIRDS VOTE MUST OCCUR IN BOTH CONGRESSIONAL CHAMBERS

(B) A PRESIDENTIAL VETO CANNOT BE OVERTURNED

(C) A TWO-THIRDS VOTE MUST OCCUR IN THE SENATE ALONE

(D) THE PRESIDENT'S CABINET MAY OVERRIDE HIS DECISION WITH A MAJORITY VOTE

(E) A TWO-THIRDS VOTE MUST OCCUR IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

A. a two-thirds vote must occur in both Congressional chambers

IF A PRESIDENT NEITHER SIGNS NOR VETOES A PIECE OF LEGISLATION WITHIN 10 DAYS AND CONGRESS REMAINS IN SESSION, WHAT BECOMES OF THE BILL?

(A) IT IS POCKET VETOED

(B) IT BECOMES LAW

(C) IT IS REFERRED TO THE STATES

(D) IT IS RETURNED TO THE RELEVANT CONGRESSIONAL STANDING COMMITTEES

(E) IT IS REFERRED TO THE COURTS

B. it becomes law

THE NUMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES FROM EACH STATE TO SERVE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IS DETERMINED BY THE:

(A) STATE LEGISLATURES; STATE LEGISLATURES THEN DEFINE CONGRESSIONAL VOTING DISTRICTS ACTING WITHIN CONSTRAINTS SET DOWN BY CONGRESS AND THE SUPREME COURT

(B) CONGRESS: STATE LEGISLATURES THEN DEFINE CONGRESSIONAL VOTING DISTRICTS ACTING WITHIN CONSTRAINTS SET DOWN BY CONGRESS AND THE SUPREME COURT

(C) DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE'S DECENNIAL CENSUS; FEDERAL DISTRICT COURTS THEN DETERMINE THE CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS WITHIN THE STATES

(D) DEPARTMENT OF STATE'S DECENNIAL CENSUS: FEDERAL DISTRICT COURTS THEN DETERMINE THE CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS WITHIN THE STATES

(E) SENATE; STATE LEGISLATURES THEN DEFINE CONGRESSIONAL VOTING DISTRICTS ACTING WITHIN CONSTRAINTS SET DOWN BY CONGRESS AND THE SUPREME COURT

B. Congress; state legislatures then define congressional voting districts acting within constraints set down by Congress and the Supreme Court.

GERRYMANDERING REFERS TO THE:

(A) POLITICAL AGREEMENTS MADE IN CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES TO FACILITATE A BILL'S SUCCESS

(B) CREATION OF A CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT TO ENSURE THE ELECTION OF A PERSON FROM A CERTAIN POLITICAL PARTY OR ETHNIC OR RACIAL GROUP

(C) PROCESS OF NEGOTIATION BETWEEN THE WHITE HOUSE AND CONGRESS ON PROPOSED LEGISLATION

(D) PROCESS THAT LEADS TO A CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT

(E) WAYS MINORITIES WERE HISTORICALLY PREVENTED FROM VOTING

B. creation of a Congressional district to ensure the election of a person from a certain political party or ethnic or racial group

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT MIRANDA V. ARIZONA IS CORRECT?

(A) IT DECLARED SEGREGATION BY RACE UNCONSTITUTIONAL

(B) IT GRANTED WOMEN THE SAME VOTING RIGHTS AS MEN

(C) IT DECLARED THE RECITATION OF THE PLEDGE OF THE UNION UNCONSTITUTIONAL

(D) IT REQUIRED THAT CITIZENS BE INFORMED OF THEIR RIGHTS WHEN BEING PLACED UNDER ARREST

(E) IT DECLARED THAT A WOMAN'S REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS WERE INCLUDED IN THE CONCEPTION OF THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY

D. It required that citizens be informed of their rights when being placed under arrest.

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE REASONS WHY INCUMBENT REPRESENTATIVES USUALLY WIN RE-ELECTION TO CONGRESS EXCEPT:

(A) INCUMBENTS USE FRANKING PRIVILEGES TO COMMUNICATE WITH VOTERS

(B) INCUMBENTS GENERATE GOOD WILL BY GETTING "PORK BARREL" PROJECTS FOR THEIR DISTRICTS

(C) INCUMBENTS HAVE LARGE STAFFS TO WORK ON CONSTITUENCY RELATIONS

(D) INCUMBENTS ALWAYS BENEFIT FROM CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING

(E) INCUMBENTS RECEIVE THE MOST MONEY FROM SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS

D. Incumbents always benefit from congressional redistricting.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A DUTY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES?

(A) OVERSEEING SPECIAL CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

(B) DETERMINING INTEREST RATES

(C) DRAFTING STATE BUDGETS FOR FEDERAL PROGRAMS

(D) IMPEACHING SUPREME COURT JUSTICES

(E) APPOINTING REPRESENTATIVES TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES

E. Appointing representatives to foreign countries

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAN MOST EASILY PRACTICE "HOME STYLE?"

(A) PRESIDENTS

(B) DEMOCRATIC SENATORS

(C) REPUBLICAN SENATORS

(D) MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

(E) DEPARTMENT SECRETARIES, SUCH AS SECRETARY OF THE DEPT. OF HOMELAND SECURITY

D. members of the House of Representatives

THE CONCEPT EMBODIED IN THE CONSTITUTION OF SEPARATING THE LEGISLATURE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENT WAS PROMOTED BY WHICH PHILOSOPHER?

(A) BARON DE MONTESQUIEU

(B) DAVID HUME

(C) JOHN LOCKE

(D) SIR ISAAC NEWTON

(E) SIR FRANCIS BACON

A. Baron de Montesquieu

A CONGRESSPERSON'S FRANKING PRIVILEGES PERTAIN TO:

(A) INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL RELATED TO OFFICIAL BUSINESS

(B) OFFICIAL MAIL

(C) THE RIGHT TO SUBPOENA GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

(D) ACCESS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL GYM

(E) IMMUNITY FROM PROSECUTION FOR THINGS SAID IN THE COURSE OF A DEBATE

B. official mail

ALL BILLS TO RAISE GOVERNMENT REVENUE MUST ORIGINATE IN THE:

(A) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

(B) SENATE

(C) SENATE BUDGET COMMITTEE

(D) DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

(E) INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE

A. House of Representatives.

AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE U.S. AND FOREIGN NATIONS CAN BE MADE BY A PRESIDENT'S ADMINISTRATION, BUT FOR THE AGREEMENT TO GO INTO EFFECT IT MUST HAVE THE CONCURRENCE OF:

A) A MAJORITY OF THE SENATE

B) A MAJORITY OF THE HOUSE AND THE SENATE

C) TWO-THIRDS OF THE SENATE ALONE

D) TWO-THIRDS OF BOTH CONGRESSIONAL CHAMBERS

E) TWO-THIRDS OF THE PRESIDENT'S CABINET MEMBERS

C. two-thirds of the Senate alone

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE CONSTITUTIONAL CHECKS ON EXECUTIVE POWER EXCEPT:

A) THE SENATE MUST APPROVE INTERNATIONAL TREATIES

B) THE SENATE MUST CONFIRM JUDICIAL APPOINTEES

C) CONGRESS HAS THE POWER TO IMPEACH THE PRESIDENT

D) THE PRESIDENT CANNOT PROPOSE LEGISLATION

E) THE JUDICIARY CAN DECLARE EXECUTIVE ACTIONS UNCONSTITUTIONAL

D. the President cannot propose legislation.

THE VIEW THAT THE SUPREME COURT SHOULD INTERPRET THE CONSTITUTION OR LAWS TO ADVANCE SOCIAL GOALS IS KNOWN AS:

A) JUDICIAL ACTIVISM

B) JUDICIAL RESTRAINT

C) JUDICIAL REVIEW

D) JUDICIAL CONSERVATISM

E) JUDICIAL LIBERALISM

A. judicial activism.

THE HIGHEST PERSON IN THE MILITARY'S CHAIN OF COMMAND IS THE:

A) CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF

B) MAJORITY LEADER OF THE SENATE

C) DIRECTOR OF THE CIA

D) SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

E) THE U.S. PRESIDENT

E. the US president

IN NON-PARTISAN ELECTIONS FOR STATE OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICES

A) POLITICAL PARTIES MAY NOT CONTRIBUTE TO CAMPAIGNS

In non-partisan elections for state or local government offices,

(A) political parties may not contribute to campaigns.

(B) ballots do not list party affiliations.

(C) most voters are independents.

(D) incumbent candidates run unopposed.

(E) candidates cannot be registered members of any political party.

B. ballots do not list party affiliations.

SINCE THE SECOND WORLD WAR, PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL RATINGS HAVE GENERALLY:

A) RISEN GRADUALLY UNTIL MID-TERM ELECTIONS THEN FALLEN BETWEEN ELECTION CYCLES

B) DECLINED GRADUALLY AFTER INAUGURATION THROUGH TO THE END OF THE ADMINISTRATION

C) INCREASED GRADUALLY FROM INAUGURATION

THROUGH TO THE END OF THE ADMINISTRATION

D) FALLEN DRAMATICALLY AFTER MID-TERM ELECTIONS THEN RISEN

E) RISEN DRAMATICALLY AFTER INAUGURATION THROUGH TO THE END OF THE ADMINISTRATION

B. declined gradually after inauguration through to the end of the administration.

THE GOVERNMENT SYSTEM OF DIVIDING POWER BETWEEN A CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND SEVERAL REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS IS KNOWN AS:

A) DEMOCRACY

B) FEDERALISM

C) REPUBLICANISM

D) OLIGARCHY

E) COLONIALISM

B. federalism.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ALLOW THE PRESIDENT TO INFLUENCE THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS IN CONGRESS?

I. THE PRESIDENT'S ACCESS TO THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY ALLOWS QUICK AND EFFECTIVE ACCESS TO EXPERTS AND INFORMATION

II. THE PRESIDENT HAS BETTER ACCESS TO, AND INFLUENCE ON, PUBLIC OPINION THAN DOES THE CONGRESS

III. THE THREAT OF A PRESIDENTIAL VETO CAN CHANGE A BILL WHILE IT IS STILL IN COMMITTEE

(A) I ONLY

(B) I AND II ONLY

(C) I AND III ONLY

(D) II AND III ONLY

(E) I, II, AND III

E. I, II, and III

STRICT CONSTRUCTIONISTS INTERPRET THE CONSTITUTION

A) INFLEXIBLY AND DISAPPROVE OF JUDICIAL RESTRAINT

B) BROADLY AND ATTEMPT TO RULE IN THE SPIRIT OF THE CONSTITUTION

C) HISTORICALLY AND ATTEMPT TO CORRECT THE SHORTCOMINGS OF THE CONSTITUTION

D) LITERALLY AND GRANT ONLY THOSE FREEDOMS EXPRESSLY CITED IN THE CONSTITUTION

E) CONTEXTUALLY AND EXTEND FREEDOMS TO ALL CITIZENS

D. literally and grant only those freedoms expressly cited in the Constitution.

A STATE'S POPULATION IN THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE MOST DIRECTLY REFLECTS

A) ITS POPULATION

B) THE COMBINED NUMBER OF THE STATE'S U.S. REPRESENTATIVES AND SENATORS

C) A COMPLICATED FORMULA TAKING INTO ACCOUNT POPULATION AND ECONOMIC OUTPUT

D) SUCCESS IN SELECTING VARIOUS POLITICAL CANDIDATES IN THE PAST

E) POLITICAL TRADITIONS THAT WILL LIKELY BE FOUND UNCONSTITUTIONAL WHEN SUCCESSFULLY CHALLENGED IN COURT

B. the combined number of the state's US representatives and senators

MOST STATES HAVE

A) BICAMERAL LEGISLATURES

B) UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURES

C) PROFESSIONAL FULL-TIME LEGISLATURES

D) TERM LIMITS FOR LEGISLATORS

E) CAMPAIGN SPENDING LIMITS FOR LEGISLATORS

A. bicameral legislatures (With the exception of Nebraska, all state legislatures are bicameral)

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS IS LIKELY TO BE THE WEAKEST INDICATOR OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S POLITICAL BELIEFS AND OPINIONS?

A) RACE

B) GENDER

C) AGE

D) INTELLIGENCE

E) RELIGION

D. Intelligence

AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO OR MORE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS FOR RECIPROCAL SUPPORT IN PASSING UNRELATED LEGISLATION IS KNOWN AS:

A) LOGROLLING

B) FILIBUSTERING

C) PORK BARRELING

D) GERRYMANDERING

E) REAPPORTIONING

A. logrolling

THROUGH THE YEARS, DIFFERENT PRESIDENTS HAVE HELD DIFFERENT LEVELS OF POWER VIS-A-VIS CONGRESS, BUT THE CONSTITUTION'S FRAMERS WANTED THE PRESIDENT TO:

A) HAVE THE POWER EQUIVALENT TO THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE

B) HAVE THE POWER EQUIVALENT TO THE CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT

C) HAVE THE POWER EQUIVALENT TO THAT OF ENGLAND'S MONARCHS

D) HAVE THE POWER THAT COULD CHECK, BUT ALSO COULD BE CHECKED BY, OTHER BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT

E) HAVE POLITICAL POWER EQUIVALENT TO THE FOUR LARGEST STATE GOVERNORS

D. have the power that could check, but also could be checked by, other branches of government

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SUPREME COURT CASES ADDRESSED THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY?

A) HAWAII HOUSING AUTHORITY V. MIDKIFF

B) BOWSHER V. SYNAR

C) KOREMATSU V. UNITED STATES

D) BOWERS V. HARDWICK

E) GIBBONS V. OGDEN

D. Bowers v. Hardwick

PRESIDENTS CAN SHAPE THE NATION'S LEGISLATIVE AGENDA IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING WAYS EXCEPT:

A) REQUIRING THE VICE PRESIDENT, AS PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE, TO PARTICIPATE IN SENATE VOTES

B) SPELLING OUT A LEGISLATIVE AGENDA IN THE STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS

C) AS A LEADER OF HIS/HER POLITICAL PARTY, SHAPING THE LEGISLATIVE DIRECTION OF THAT PARTY IN CONGRESS

D) USING OR THREATENING TO USE THE VETO

E) LOBBYING CONGRESS MEMBERS

A. requiring the vice president, as president of the Senate, to participate in Senate votes (because VPs only vote in tie-votes)

AN INCREASED FOCUS ON NATIONAL RATHER THAN LOCAL ISSUES ON RADIO, TELEVISION, AND OTHER MASS MEDIA HAS:

A) CAUSED AMERICANS FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS TO SHARE SIMILAR IDEAS AND PERSPECTIVES

B) CAUSED A DIVERGENCE OF POLITICAL BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES ACROSS AMERICA

C) REDUCED PUBLIC INTEREST IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS

D) LIMITED THE INFLUENCE OF THE MEDIA ON DOMESTIC POLITICS

E) PUSHED THE POLITICAL PARTIES AWAY FROM THE POLITICAL CENTER

A. caused Americans from different regions to share similar ideas and perspectives.

WHO WERE THE AUTHORS OF THE FEDERALIST PAPERS?

A) JOHN ADAMS, JAMES MADISON, AND THOMAS JEFFERSON

B) SAMUEL ADAMS, JOHN JAY, AND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS

C) ALEXANDER HAMILTON, JAMES MADISON, AND JOHN JAY

D) JAMES MADISON, THOMAS JEFFERSON AND ANDREW JACKSON

E) ALEXANDER HAMILTON, JAMES MADISON AND THOMAS JEFFERSON

C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay

IN TIMES OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY, OR WHEN THE GOVERNMENT NEEDS TO ACT QUICKLY AND FLEXIBLY, CONGRESS HAS DONE WHAT WITH ITS FEDERAL POWERS?

A) DELEGATED THEM TO THE PRESIDENT

B) DELEGATED THEM TO THE COURTS

C) DELEGATED THEM TO THE STATE LEGISLATURES

D) DELEGATED THEM TO THE LOCAL JURISDICTIONS

E) DELEGATED THEM TO THE TOWN MAYORS

A. delegated them to the president

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF CONGRESS AFFECT THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS EXCEPT:

A) PARTIES

B) COMMITTEES

C) HOURS

D) RULES

E) STAFF

C. hours

THE BILL OF RIGHTS CONTAINS AMENDMENTS RELATED TO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING AREAS EXCEPT:

A) FREEDOM OF SPEECH

B) THE RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS

C) THE RIGHT TO A SPEEDY TRIAL

D) THE RIGHT TO SEXUAL FREEDOM

E) FREEDOM NOT TO HAVE SOLDIERS STATIONED IN ONE'S HOME

D. the right to sexual freedom.

THE CONSTITUTION ALLOWS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO DO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:

A) CHANGE STATE BOUNDARIES

B) TAX IMPORTS

C) TAX EXPORTS

D) OVERTURN STATE LAWS

E) IMPOSE TAXES

A. change state boundaries.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT PART OF THE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT?

A) NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL

B) BIPARTISAN COMMISSION ON THE FUTURE OF MEDICARE

C) OFFICE MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET

D) NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

E) OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY

B. Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A RIGHT OF DUE PROCESS?

A) RIGHT TO A FAIR AND PUBLIC TRIAL CONDUCTED IN A COMPETENT MANNER

B) TAXES MAY ONLY BE TAKEN FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES

C) RIGHT TO AN IMPARTIAL JURY

D) PRIVATE PROPERTY CANNOT BE TAKEN FOR PUBLIC USE

E) RIGHT TO BE PRESENT AT THE TRIAL

D. Private property cannot be taken for public use

OVER THE LAST FIVE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS, WOMEN HAVE TENDED TO:

A) VOTE FOR REPUBLICAN PARTY CANDIDATES

B) IGNORE MILITARY ISSUES IMPORTANT TO MALE VOTERS

C) VOTE FOR DEMOCRATIC PARTY CANDIDATES MORE OFTEN THAN MEN DO

D) VOTE IN FEWER NUMBERS THAN MEN DO

E) REGISTER TO VOTE IN FEWER NUMBERS THAN MEN DO

C. vote for Democratic Party candidates more often than men do.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE AN UNCONSTITUTIONAL ACTION BY A STATE GOVERNMENT?

A) SIGNING AN EXTRADITION TREATY WITH ANOTHER STATE

B) BANNING THE SALE OF GOODS FROM A FOREIGN COUNTRY

C) REGULATING TOBACCO SALES

D) SETTING A MINIMUM AGE FOR CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL

E) REGULATING ELECTRICITY USAGE BY INDUSTRY

B. Banning the sale of goods from a foreign country

NORMALLY, A BILL THAT IS TABLED BY A CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE WILL:

A) NOT BE ACTED UPON

B) BE DEALT WITH FOLLOWING THE RECESS

C) BE AMENDED BEFORE BEING SENT BACK TO CONGRESS

D) BE VETOED BY THE PRESIDENT

E) NOT BE AMENDED PRIOR TO RESUBMISSION

A. not be acted upon.

THE WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS

A) PROTECTS INDIVIDUALS FROM BEING HELD WITHOUT BEING CHARGED

B) ALLOWS INDIVIDUALS TO APPEAL CAPITAL SENTENCES

C) GUARANTEES AN INDIVIDUAL'S RIGHT OF RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION

D) PREVENTS THE USE OF CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT

E) GRANTS APPELLATE JURISDICTION TO FEDERAL COURTS FOR CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

A. protects individuals from being held without being charged

ACCORDING TO THE CONSTITUTION, THE VICE PRESIDENT GAINS THE PRESIDENCY IF THE PRESIDENT DIES OR IS INCAPACITATED. ACCORDING TO THE PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION ACT OF 1947, IF BOTH THE PRESIDENT AND THE VICE PRESIDENT ARE INCAPACITATED, WHO RISES TO THE PRESIDENCY?

A) THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPER OF THE SENATE

B) THE MOST SENIOR MEMBER OF THE MAJORITY PARTY OF THE SENATE

C) THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

D) THE MAYOR OF WASHINGTON, D.C.

E) THE SECRETARY OF STATE

C. the speaker of the House of Representatives

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A STANDING COMMITTEE OF CONGRESS?

A) RIGHTS OF WOMEN

B) MINORITIES IN EDUCATION

C) SOCIAL SECURITY

D) WELFARE

E) EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE

E. Education and the Workforce

ACCORDING TO THE SUPREME COURT DECISION IN 2008, THE SECOND AMENDMENT:

A) SHOULD BE UNDERSTOOD TO APPLY ALONE TO STATE MILITIAS, THAT IS, THE NATIONAL GUARD

B) SHOULD BE UNDERSTOOD TO APPLY TO INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR RIGHT TO POSSESS FIREARMS

C) ALLOWS FOR THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO ASSEMBLE PEACEABLY AND TO MAKE GRIEVANCES KNOWN TO THE GOVERNMENT

D) ALLOWS FOR THE FREE EXERCISE OF RELIGION

E) PROHIBITS "EXCESSIVE BAIL" TO BE IMPOSED ON AN ARRESTED PERSON

B. should be understood to apply to individuals and their right to possess firearms

AMERICA'S FORM OF GOVERNMENT IS BEST DESCRIBED AS:

A) REPUBLICAN

B) ARISTOCRATIC

C) PARLIAMENTARY

D) UNITARY

E) EGALITARIAN

A. republican.

WHEN CONGRESS AUTHORIZED THE PRESIDENT TO ELIMINATE INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS FROM PROPOSED LEGISLATION, IT WAS KNOWN AS A(AN)

A) PRESIDENTIAL PREROGATIVE

B) LINE ITEM VETO

C) EXECUTIVE DECISION

D) LEGISLATIVE VETO

E) SUBPOENAED DOCUMENT

B. line item veto.

THE SUPREME COURT CASE ENGEL V. VITALE (1962)

A) MADE ABORTION LEGAL ACROSS THE COUNTRY

B) MADE LAWS AGAINST CONTRACEPTION ILLEGAL

C) ALLOWED THE PRESIDENT TO PURSUE ANTICOMMUNIST MEASURES IN VIETNAM

D) ELIMINATED PRAYER ORGANIZED BY PUBLIC SCHOOLS

E) REQUIRED THE DESEGREGATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS

D. eliminated prayer organized by public schools

AFTER HEARINGS ARE COMPLETE, A CONGRESSIONAL SUBCOMMITTEE WILL USUALLY DETERMINE A BILL'S FUTURE IN FINAL DELIBERATIONS KNOWN AS

A) AN OPEN DOOR SESSION

B) A MARKUP SESSION

C) A CLOSED DOOR SESSION

D) A JOINT RESOLUTION SESSION

E) A FULL HOUSE SESSION

B. a markup session

CHARLES SCHENCK WAS ARRESTED AND CHARGED WITH THE FEDERAL CRIME OF TRYING TO INHIBIT MILITARY RECRUITMENT IN A TIME OF WAR. WHAT WAS THE SUPREME COURT'S DECISION IN THE RESULTING CASE, SCHNECK V. UNITED STATES (1919)?

A) SCHNECK'S RIGHT TO SPEAK AND ACT AGAINST THE WAR WAS PROTECTED BY THE FIRST AMENDMENT, THOUGH WITHIN VAGUE LIMITS

B) SCHNECK'S SPEECH AND ACTION HAD PRESENTED A PUBLIC DANGER IN A TIME OF WAR, AND HIS CONVICTION WAS UPHELD

C) SCHNECK, NOT BEING A CITIZEN, WAS DEPORTED BEFORE THE CASE WAS DECIDED

D) A SHARPLY DIVIDED COURT ALLOWED SCHNECK'S ANTI-WAR SPEECH IN THE ABSTRACT BUT NOT WHEN AIMED AT INDIVIDUALS WHO MIGHT BE RECRUITED

E) THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF SPEECH IS ABSOLUTE AND THE GOVERNMENT WAS WRONG TO ARREST HIM

B. Schneck's speech and action had presented a public danger in a time of war, and his conviction was upheld