Inflammation

rubor(redness),dolor (pain),Calor(heat),Tumor (swelling),Functio laesa (loss of function)

five cardinal signs of inflammation

vasoconscriction, vasodilation, edema

triple response of lewis

Endothelial cells, neutrophils, and platelets

prominent cell types of acute inflammation

Eosinophils, basophil (mast cell) , monocyte (macrophage), lymphocyte (plasma cell)

key cells of chronic inflammation

necrosis in center, surrounded with other chronic inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages)

key element of granuloma

during chronic inflammation that features large numbers of activated macrophages

when do granulomas arise

acute inflammation

early and immediate response to injury

edema

accumulation of fluid within extravascular compartment and interstitial tissues

transudate

edema fluid with low protein content

exudate

edema fluid with high protein concentration

neutrophils

most important leukocyte of acute inflammation and first inflammatory to arrive to damaged area

platelets

regulate vascular permeability, proliferative response of connective tissue, and blood clot formation

chronic inflammation

prolonged inflammation in which active inflammation, tissue injury, and healing proceed simultaneously

macrophage

phagocytosis, key cell of chronic inflammation

plasma cells

produce antibodies against antigens

eosinophils

important in parasitic infections

mast cells

armed with IgE specific to certain antigens, degranulates and releases histamines when antigen is encountered