Brogan Social Studies

Although the English colonies in North America all had their own ________, the English monarch had ultimate authority over all of the colonies

governments

Each government was given power by a _______.

charter

Each colony had a _______ who served as head of the government

governer

Most governors were assisted by an ______ council

advisory

In _____ colonies, the English king or queen selected the governor and the council members.

Royal

In ______ colonies, the proprietors selected the governed and Council members.

Proprietary

_____ assembled, established in 1619

Virginia’s

________ - Political meeting at which people make decisions on local issues; used primarily in New England

Town meetings

Colonists were forbidden to trade any specific items such as

Cotton and sugar

_________ Trade - trading networks in which goods and slaves moved among England, the American colonies, and Africa.

Triangular

Traders exchanged ___ for slaves on the West Africa coast

Rum

First colony created in 1605

Jamestown

___________ issued the First Virginia Charter allowing settlement in Virginia.

King James I

______ took control of Jamestown, built a fort, rewarded harder workers with food.

John Smith

________, daughter of Powhatan leader, helped the colonist form good relations with the natives.

Pocahontas

Pontiac’s Rebellion destroyed or captured 7 forts then led an attack on _________.

Fort Detroit

___________ - English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies’ continued economic loyalty.

Salutary neglect

Second colonial legislature

House of Burgesses

____________ led the New Netherland colony.

Peter Stuyvesant

____ did not follow any formal _____ practices.

Quakers, Religious

Quakers dressed

Plainfully

Quakers believed in the _______ of men and women before God.

Equality

Quakers were ______ in both England and America.

Persecuted

Colonists could not trade with any other country than

England

Growing number of _______ began moving to Maryland in the 1640s.

Protestants

Religious _____ began arising between Catholics and Protestants in the colony.

Conflicts

The slave Trade brought millions of Africans across the ocean in a voyage called the ____________.

Middle Passage

Enslaved Africans lived in a spac not even ______ feet high.

Three

__________ of captives died on slave ships during the Middle Passage.

Thousands

In many cases, they died from diseases such as ______.

Smallpox

__________ and his troops built _________ in Southwestern Pennsylvania.

Georg Washington, Fort Necessity

British colonists wanted to settle in the __________.

Ohio River Valley

Fighting erupted in 1753 in the _____ River Valley.

Ohio

Plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies; suggested by Benjamin Franklin.

Albany Plan of Union

Ottawa chief who United the Great Lakes’ Indians to try to halt the advance of European settlements

Chief Pontiac

Chief Pontiac’s forces attacked British forces on the frontier

Rebellion (1763)

Proclamation of 1763 was a law that banned British settlement west of the

Appalachian Mountains

English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies’ continued economic loyalty

Salutary neglect

The ____ founded New Netherland

Dutch

Year New Netherland was founded

1613

New Netherland was a trading post for

fur

Center of fur trade in New Netherland was

New Amsterdam in Manhattan

Leader of New Netherland

Peter Stuyvesant

King Charles II wanted England to control the entire ____ coast

Atlantic

New Netherland was renamed to

New York

Lands between which rivers was New Jersey

Hudson and Delaware

Duke of ____ owned New Jersey

York

Founder of home for Quakers

William Penn

Penn created his colony ___ of Virginia

West

The capital of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia

Delaware was apart of Pennsylvania until

1776

A crop that is continuously in demand

Staple crop

Slaves worked in the ___ industry

Shipbuilding

Colonial goods were exported to the

West Indies

What problems caused the Great Migration?

Economic and religious

England’s ____ suffered in the 1620s

Economy

Puritans were punished because they disagreed with _____

Official opinions

Puritans could criticize

Church actions

Leader of Massachusetts Bay Colony and 1st governer

John Winthrop

Founder of Connecticut

Thomas Hooker

If they were not church members, who could not vote?

Men

Who founded Providence (Rhode Island)?

Roger Williams

Roger Williams criticized land being taken from

Native Americans

Roger Williams believed in religious

Tolerance

New England farms had what climate

Harsh with rocky soil

New England farms grew

Cash crops

Little demand for farm _____

Laborers

Slavery was not ____ in this region

Important

Who was George Calvert?

Lord Baltimore

Maryland was a refuge for

Catholics

Catholics and Protestants had ____ in Maryland

Conflicts

What law made religious rights a crime?

Toleration Act

The Toleration Act was the first law guaranteeing _____

Religious freedom

Those who blasphemed denied the

Trinity

Blasphemers were punished by

Execution

Those who insulted Christianity were

whipped

What were North and South California between?

Virginia and Florida

When did North and South Carolina separate?

1712

Why did the Carolina separate?

Hard to govern

South Carolina had ____ as many enslaved Africans

Twice

The English Crown purchased the Carolinas and they became ____ colonies

Royal

Who founded Georgia?

James

What kind of farms did Georgia want?

Small

What kind of plantations did Georgia not want?

Large

Georgia ___ slavery

outlawed

The Southern economy depended on _____

Agriculture

Southern economy grew ____

Cash crops

Who were the main workforce of labor in Georgia?

Slaves

Laws to control slaves

Slave Codes

Who could not hold meetings or own weapons?

Slaves

Some colonies did not allow slaveholders to ____ their slaves

Free

First met as a single body but was later split into two houses: the Council of ____

State