8th Grade Citizenship and Civic Engagement Final Exam Study Guide

Flashcards about Civil Rights Movement, US constitution and Modern American history

What does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights protect?

Life, freedom, speech, safety, religion and education.

How did the Holocaust deny human rights?

By detaining and getting rid of their natural rights.

How did Japanese American Internment deny human rights?

Took freedom and property, no fair trial, forced into camps.

What was the significance of the Supreme Court case "Korematsu vs the United States?

Allowed internment camps, showed how fear can lead to no justice. Government can take all our rights.

What was the ruling of the Supreme Court case "Plessy vs Ferguson?"

They said segregation was legal, separate but equal.

What was the ruling of the Supreme Court case "Brown vs Board of Education?"

They said school segregation is not fair or equal.

What were Jim Crow Laws?

Laws that kept black and white people separated in public.

What is the main job of the Executive Branch?

Enforce the laws

Who is the head of the Executive Branch?

President

What is the main job of the Judicial Branch?

Interprets the laws

Who is the head of the Judicial Branch?

The President

What is the main job of the Legislative Branch?

Make laws

Who is the head of the Legislative Branch?

Speaker of the House

What two houses make up Congress?

Senate and House of Representatives

Define segregation

Enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment.

What were the goals of the Chicano Movement?

Reform education and improve working conditions for Mexican Americans.

Who was Rosa Parks and how was she significant to the Civil Rights Movement?

An American activist in the civil rights movement.

Who was Malcolm X and how was he significant to the Civil Rights Movement?

Wanted social and political independence for African Americans and helped inspire the Black Panther movement.

Who was Martin Luther King Jr. and how was he significant to the Civil Rights Movement?

Leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott and created the NAACP.

Who was Cesar Chavez and how was he significant to the Civil Rights Movement?

Fought for equal working conditions for Latino workers.

Who were the Little Rock Nine and how were they significant to the Civil Rights Movement?

The first Black students to integrate Central High School, faced violence and protests.

What legislation was passed under President Lyndon B. Johnson?

Civil Rights Act of 1964, Fair Housing Act of 1968, and Voting Rights Act of 1965.

What were the goals of the Civil Rights Movement?

Freedom from discrimination, the right to vote, equal access, and equal opportunity.

How were the rights of voters limited before the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

Discrimination, grandfather clause, and poll taxes.

What were some of the key events of Richard Nixon's presidency?

Resigned and ended war in Vietnam.

What were some of the key events of Gerald Ford's presidency?

First president to never be elected and pardoned Nixon.

What were some of the key events of Jimmy Carter's presidency?

Camp David Peace Accords and Operation Eagle Claw.

What were some of the key events of Ronald Reagan's presidency?

Reaganomics and foreign policy.

What were some of the key events of George W. Bush's presidency?

2008 financial crisis and 9/11 terrorism.

What were some of the key events of Bill Clinton's presidency?

NAFTA and booming economy.

What were some of the key events of George H. W. Bush's presidency?

Cold War ends and Persian Gulf War.

What did the Berlin Wall symbolize?

Division between capitalism and communism.

What was the Iran Hostage Crisis and why was it significant?

Iranians took American hostages and damaged our relationship with Iran.

What were the Camp David Peace Accords and why were they significant?

Agreement between Egypt & Israel & U.S, peace between the two countries

What was Watergate and why was it significant?

burglars

What was September 11th and why was it significant?

Planes crashed into the twin towers and we realized that we need to be protect

What was NAFTA and what did it do?

North American Free Trade Agreement, eliminated barriers to trade between the canada, and Mexico

What was Reagon's economic plan?

Cut taxes by 25% for the rich, trickle down economics

Who is Sandra Day O'Connor?

First women in the U.S. Supreme Court

Who is Al Gore?

Former Vice President of the U.S.

Who is Mikhail Gorbachev?

Leader of the USSR when the Soviet union collapses

How did the 2008 financial crisis happen?

Predatory lending mortages, housing crises

Who is Osama bin Laden?

Founder and Leader of terrorist group al-Qaeda

Who is Saddam Hussein?

President of Iraq