Animal Science Lab Final Review

Ovine

Scientific name for sheep

Ram

Intact male sheep

Wether

Castrated male sheep

Ewe

Female lamb

Lamb

Sheep of either sex under one year of age

Lambing

Act of giving birth to sheep

Mutton

Meat obtained from a mature sheep greater than one year of age

Lamb

Meat obtained from a sheep under 1 year of age

Staple (wool)

Naturally formed cluster of wool fibers

Lanolin

Oily substance obtained from wool; use in cosmetics and ointments

Gregarious

The behavior in which animals band together in a herd of flock

Which breed of sheep produces 4.5 lambs per lambing

Finnsheep

What are the meat goat breeds?

• Spanish

• Boer

Caprine

Scientific name for goats

Buck

Intact male goat

Doe

Female goat

Kid

Young goat

Kidding

Act of giving birth to goats

Chevon

Meat obtained from a mature goat greater than 1 year of age

Mohair

Fiber produced by Angora goats

Cashmere

Extremely fine fiber used to make expensive fabrics

What are the dairy goat breeds?

• La Mancha

• Nubian

• Alpine

• Saanen

• Toggenburg

Texas is the #1 producer of what livestock animals?

Cattle & Sheep

What breed of sheep has a solid black head, a wool cap, and is used for meat?

Hampshire

What breed of goat produces mohair?

Angora

Which breed of goat has excellent carcass conformation?B

Boer

Urinary Calculi

• Crystals in the urinary tract of sheep and goats

• Caused by Ca:P ratio imbalance or high grain diets

• Signs include inability to urinate, bladder or urethra rupture, death

For what species is copper toxic?

Sheep

Contagious Ecthyma

• Orf, Sore Mouth

• Zoonotic skin disease in sheep and goats

Facing

Trimming wool away from the face

Avian

Scientific name for poultry

Chick

A young chicken that has recently been hatched

Hen

A sexually mature female chicken

Oviposition

The act of laying eggs

How old is a hen when she begins laying eggs?

20 weeks and continues to for about a year

Pullet

A young female chicken under one year of age

Layer

A mature female chicken that has begun to lay eggs

Spent Hen

A hen that is no longer laying

Game Hen

A standard meat-type chicken packaged at a smaller size

Capon

A male chicken that has been neutered/castrated

Rooster

A mature male chicken

Cockerel

A male chicken that is less than a year of age

Broiler

A chicken of either sex produced and used for meat purposes

What are the 3 categories of chicken breeds?

• Egg Laying Stock

• Meat-Type Birds

• Dual Purpose Breeds

What is the difference between white and brown eggs?

Nothing

What is the purpose of the poultry industry?

To produce inexpensive sources of protein

Exotic Newcastle Disease

• A fatal viral disease that infects all species of birds

• One of the most infectious poultry diseases in the world

• Hardy

Well over __% of commercial broilers in the U.S. are grown under contract

90

Lactating Period

Period in which a female cow is lactating or producing milk

Dry

Non-lactating female

Open

Non-pregnant female

How heavy is one gallon of milk?

8.6 lbs

What state is #1 in milk production?

California

Where does Texas rank in dairy production?

#4

Which dairy breed has the highest percent of butterfat?

Jersey

Which breed has golden colored milk caused by beta carotene?

Guernsey

What is the largest dairy co-operative

Dairy Farms of America

What does bovine somatropin (BST) do?

Increase milk yield

How many dairy cows are artificially inseminated?

85-95%

Symptoms of Mastitis

• Inflamed udder

• Swollen, hot, hard, tender quarter

• Drop in milk production

• Abnormal milk

• Cow goes off feed, shows depression, dull eyes, etc.

• Death

How many colostrum milkings are saved?

6

Ketosis

Inability of the body to keep up with nutritional needs due to weakening metabolisms of carbs and volatile fatty acids that leads to low blood sugar

Which disease is treated by injection of calcium?

Milk Fever

Edward’s Plateau

• Central, South, and West Texas