Intro to Jerusalem FINAL EXAM (from smoak's review session)

UCLA Professor Smoak fall 2024

ROMAN DESTRUCTION OF JEWISH TEMPLE

70 CE

COMPLETITION OF DOME OF ROCK

691-692

CRUSADER CONQUEST OF JERUSALEM

1099

CALIPH UMAR TAKING JERUSALEM

638

COUNSEL OF NICEA

325

TEMPLE ROMANS DESTROYED IN 515 BUT SIGNIFICANTLY MODIFIED BY

KING HEROD

MODIFICATION OF CITY BEGAN IN YEAR

20

Following reconstruction of city which roman emperor renames Jerusalem to Aeolia Capitolina?

Hadrian

Part of the rebuilding, the temple of what Greek Goddess was built on western hill?

Aphrodite

In 313, Byzantine emperor issued:

Edict of Milan

Edict of Milan does what

legalizes (licits) Christianity.

Several years later, Counsel of Nicea recognizes that the city of Jerusalem should have an honored position in

the empire.

Constantine directs the construction of which monument?

Church of Anastasis

At Counsel of Chalcedonin 451, the church affirmed the _______ of Jesus of Nazareth.

divinity

In one of the articles of the faith, the council of Nicea calls Jerusalem an official apart of Byzantine empire

and gives it funding to construct churches.

A roman emperor constructed the large north south road called

Cardo Maximus.

In 6th century, which Byzantine emperor dedicates massive church on western hill dedicated to Mary

Justinian

Massive church on Western Hill by Byzantine emperor called:

Nea Church

6th century map found in Jordan with the Nea church on it:

Madaba

According to Islamic tradition, when Caliph Umar visited city in 638, he asked to see ______ where Solomon had prayed.

Eastern Hill

Islamic traditions preludes to what Islamic dynasty that constructed along eastern ridge?

Umayyad dynasty

Umayyad dynasty reign

661-750 CE

In 691, a monument over the sacred __________ stone was built:

foundation stone

Islamic tradition connects the dome of the rock later to the _________ of Muhammad to Heaven.

ascent

Visit of Nasir Khuskraw to Jerusalem in year

1047

Part of Nasir’s visit, he describes the final judgement place taking place in

Kidron Valley

Pope Urban II calls for

the Crusades in Jerusalem.

In Pope Urban II’s speech, he refers to Jerusalem as the ________ of the earth.

navel

The navel is the mental idea as the center of the earth otherwise known as

Omphalos.

Out of the 4 quarters of Jerusalem, where is the Holy Sepulcher locarted

North West of the city.

Constrast from Byzantine Christians, the latin community call the church of Anastasis?

The Church of Holy Seplucher

One of the original names of Jerusalem in the Bible that migrates to the Western Hill during Byzantine empire

Zion

Latin community also referred Golgotha as the

tomb of Adam

Early Islamic tradition associated the mosque on southern edge with the ______ of Quran

17th verse

Early Islamic tradiiton associates the mosque on the southern edge of Haram with Surah ____ in Quran.

17

Surah 17 in the Quran describes

The Night journey of Prophet Muhammad to the furthest mosque.

The remains of this church built by Justinian still be found underneath

the Jewish quarter.

As part of creed of this counsel, the church identifies Virgin Mary (godbearer) as:

Theotokos

This church Historian ______ describes early account of Constantine’s excavations.

Eusebius of Caesarea

The old city walls that surround old Jerusalem and demarcate the old city vs new city were built between the years of

1536-1541