#2 Whole Body Terms Study

Cells, tissues, organs, systems

Structural organization of the body

Cells

The fundamental unit of al living things

Organs

Different types of tissue combine to form an ___

Viscera

Medical term for internal organs

Systems

Groups of organs working together to preform complex functions

Body cavity

Space within the body that contains viscera

Cranial cavity

Organs: brain, pituitary gland

Thoracic cavity

Organs: lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus gland, aorta

Abdominal cavity

Organs: stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver gallbladder

Pelvic cavity

Organs: portions of the small and large intestines, bladder, rectum, urethra, ureters, uterus, vagina

Spinal cavity

Organs: nerves of spinal cord

Parencitis procedure

Draining excess fluid from the abdominal cavity

Thoracic

Which body cavity contains the pleural cavity and the mediastinum?

Abdominal

Which body cavity contains the peritoneum?

Right hypochondriac region

Right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen

Left hypochondriac region

Left upper region below the rib cage

Epigastric region

Region above the stomach

Right lumbar region

Right middle region near the waist

Left lumbar region

Left middle region near the waist

Umbilical region

Region of the naval or umilicus

Right inguinal region

Right lower region near the groin, which is the area where the legs join the trunk of the body. This region also in known as the right iliac region becasue is lies near the ilium.

Left inguinal region

Left lower region near the groin, also called the left iliac region

Hypogastric rregion

Middle lower region below the umbilical region

RUQ

Contains the liver (right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines

LUQ

Contains the liver (left lobe), stomach , spleen, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines

RLQ

Contains parts of the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter

LLQ

Contains part of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter

Cervical

Neck region, seven vertebrae, C1-C7

Thoracic

Chest region, 12 vertebrae, T1-T12, each bone is joined to a rib

Lumbar

Loin or flank region, five vertebrae, L1-L5

Sacral

Five bones are fused to form one bone the sacrum, S1-S5

Coccygeal

The coccyx (tailbone), is a small bone composed of four fused pieces

C4 or above

Quadriplegia (“tetraplegia”)

C5-T1

Partial paralysis of hands, wrists, arms

T2-T6

Paraplegia, below chest

T7-T12

Paraplegia, below waist

L1-S5

Variable, some leg weakness, usually bowel, bladder, sexual dysfunction

Cauda equina syndrome

Extreme pressure and swelling of the nerves at the end of the lumbar region

Meninges

Protective layer that covers the brian and spinal cord

CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)

Lubricates the spinal cord and brain

Anterior (ventral)

Front side of the body

Posterior (dorsal)

Back side of the body

Deep

Away from surface

Superficial

On/near the surface

Proximal

Near point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of

Distal

Far from point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure

Inferior

Below another structure

Superior

Above another structure

Medial

Pertaining to the middle, or nearer the medial plane of the body

Lateral

Pertaining to the side

Supine

Lying on back

Prone

Lying on belly

Frontal (corona) plane

Vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

Sagittal (lateral) plane

Lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides

Transverse (axial) plane

Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane running across the body parallel to the ground

Epithelial tissue

Cover the outside of the body and line the inner surface of internal organs

Muscle tissue

Voluntary vs involuntary

Connective tissue

Adipose (fat) tissue, cartilage (elastic, fibrous tissue attached to bones), bone and blood

Nerve tissue

Impulse conduction

Aminocetesis

Taking amniotic fluid from pregnant women to test for birth defects and genetic conditions