FINALS - Database and IT Service Management Knowledge Module

Hierarchical Database Models

organize data in a tree-like structure with a single root and multiple levels of related child records.

This structure is efficient for certain types of data but can be less flexible than other models.

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol).

An example of a hierarchical database model is

Relational Database Model

is characterized by its use of tables to organize data, which are related to each other through set theory and relational calculations.

This model allows for flexible and powerful data management through the use of SQL (Structured Query Language)

relational databases

each table has a unique identifier known as a primary key.

This ensures that each row in a table can be uniquely identified and accessed, maintaining data integrity and supporting efficient querying.

Normalization

in relational database design, it reduces data redundancy and improves data integrity by organizing data into related tables and ensuring dependencies are properly enforced.

This process helps in maintaining a clean and efficient database structure

relational database model

is best suited for systems requiring complex many-to-many relationships.

relational database model

It allows for the creation of multiple tables and the definition of relationships between them, providing flexibility and efficiency in data management

Incident management

in IT service management, it focuses on quickly restoring normal service operations after disruptions.

problem management

aims to identify and resolve the underlying causes of incidents to prevent future occurrence.

IT Department Scheduling

Effective scheduling in an IT department involves planning, executing, and monitoring scheduled jobs to ensure they run smoothly and efficiently.

IT Department Scheduling

This process helps in maintaining consistent service levels and minimizing downtime.

Resource Monitoring in IT Operations

Monitoring the use of resources in IT operations is crucial for optimizing resource utilization, ensuring systems run efficiently, and avoiding unnecessary downtimes.

Resource Monitoring in IT Operations

This helps in maintaining high levels of customer satisfaction and operational efficiency.

Service Level Agreements (SLAs)

are critical in IT service management as they define, document, and manage the expected service levels between a service provider and a customer.

SLAs

help ensure that both parties have a clear understanding of service expectations and performance metrics

IT Operations Tasks

Typical tasks performed by IT operations staff include executing timely backups, monitoring system performance, and looking for unauthorized access.

Designing new IT services, however, is usually not part of their responsibilities.

Maintaining Data Integrity and Availability

Controls like data backup and recovery are essential for maintaining the integrity and availability of data in a database.

Maintaining Data Integrity and Availability

These measures ensure that data can be restored in the event of a loss, thereby protecting critical information.

Utility Programs in Database Management

perform frequent maintenance and routine tasks to ensure databases operate efficiently.

These programs help manage and optimize database performance, contributing to overall system stability.

Addressing Concurrent Access Problems

Concurrent access problems in databases can be addressed using data locks.

Data locks

help manage simultaneous access to database resources, ensuring data consistency and preventing conflicts.

Monitoring Database Performance

is essential for identifying and resolving performance bottlenecks.

This process ensures databases operate smoothly and efficiently, maintaining high levels of data consistency and system reliability.

Preventing Software Licensing Violations

In large organizations, centralizing control and automating the distribution of installation software is an effective strategy to?

This approach ensures that all software installations comply with licensing agreements and reduces the risk of unauthorized use.

Utility Program Features for Operational Efficiency

When developing new systems to improve operational efficiency in a data center, prioritizing utility programs that enhance CPU and memory utilization is crucial.

utility programs

enhance CPU and memory utilization;

These tools help optimize system performance and support efficient resource management.

Automated Management Systems in Data Centers

Automated management systems, such as TMS (Tape Management System) or DMS (Disk Management System), track and list tape and disk resources, ensuring efficient management of storage media within a data center

Automated management systems

track and list tape and disk resources, ensuring efficient management of storage media within a data center such as TMS (Tape Management System) or DMS (Disk Management System),

Reviewing Installed Software

Auditors review software installed on user machines to detect unauthorized software use and ensure compliance with licensing agreements.

This process helps maintain software integrity and avoid potential legal issues related to unlicensed software use.

Understanding Application Systems

Flowcharts and profile analyzers are valuable tools for understanding application systems. These tools provide visual representations and detailed analyses of system processes, aiding in the assessment and optimization of application performance.

Flowcharts and profile analyzers

are valuable tools for understanding application systems.

These tools provide visual representations and detailed analyses of system processes, aiding in the assessment and optimization of application performance.

centralizing control and automating the distribution of installation software

the best approach to prevent unauthorized use or copying of software

This strategy ensures compliance with software licensing agreements and protects against software piracy

Emergency software releases

address a small number of critical known problems and are typically unplanned.

These releases are necessary to quickly resolve urgent issues that impact system functionality or security.

Planning Software Releases

Key steps include getting consensus on the release's contents, agreeing to the release strategy, and developing a quality plan for the release.

Reviewing historical data for similar releases is not typically part of this planning process.

rollback plan

creation of this in release management is essential to mitigate risks associated with the release

ensures that the system can revert to its previous state if the release encounters significant issue

Agreeing on roles and responsibilities

occurs during the resource planning phase of software release planning.

This phase ensures that all team members understand their specific tasks and contributions to the release process.

determining the source of computer incidents

In technical support, it focuses on identifying patterns and resolving incidents.

This approach helps in quickly restoring normal operations and improving overall system reliability.

Digital Rights Management

DRM stands for

Digital Rights Management (DRM)

which involves techniques used to protect digital content from unauthorized use and distribution.

it ensures that content creators and distributors can control how their digital products are

Network Infrastructure

The main purpose is to share information between devices.

it facilitates communication and data exchange, supporting various organizational functions and services.

OSI Model - Transport Layer

is responsible for managing the delivery and error checking of data packets.

It ensures reliable data transfer between networked devices by handling error detection and correction

Presentation Layer in the OSI Model

formats or translates data for the application layer based on the syntax or semantics.

This layer ensures that data is presented in a usable format for the application processes

broadband

is the most effective method to transmit multiple signals over an analog telecommunication link,

Broadband technology

supports simultaneous transmission of multiple signals, enhancing communication capabilities

Network Layer

prioritizing this is essential for ensuring secure and efficient data communication when designing a simple network for a small office using the OSI model,

This layer handles routing, addressing, and securing data transmission between devices.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

is specifically designed for large, centrally managed internetwork architecture solutions.

WANs

connect multiple local networks across long distances, supporting extensive organizational connectivity

Interoperability

is a major challenge in network communications because it allows different platforms to communicate effectively.

involves addressing compatibility issues between various hardware and software component

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

is the network service used to dynamically assign IP addresses to devices on a network

automates the process of IP address assignment, simplifying network management

access control techniques

is an effective DRM method to protect a company's software from piracy.

Access control

restricts software use to authorized users, preventing unauthorized copying and distribution

Availability Report

identifies the time periods during which the computer is in operation and available for use.

These reports help in assessing system uptime and planning maintenance schedules.

Tuning

is the aspect of capacity management that involves optimizing systems to the actual workload.

It ensures that resources are used efficiently, supporting optimal system performance.

Application sizing

involves predicting new capacity based on factors like the number of users and data storage requirements.

This element of capacity planning helps in anticipating future needs and ensuring adequate resources.

Passive RFID Tags

draws power from the incident radiation arriving from the reader.

These tags do not have an internal power source, relying on the energy transmitted by the RFID reader.

File Servers

primarily handles the storage and retrieval of files on a network.

It provides a centralized location for storing and managing data, facilitating access and collaboration among users.

Data theft

involves the loss of confidentiality due to unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Protecting against data theft

is crucial for maintaining the security and privacy of organizational information

Load Balancers

The primary function of this in a network is to distribute network traffic across multiple servers.

Ensure that no single server becomes overwhelmed, improving overall system performance and reliability.

Security Controls - Education

Educating personnel about best security practices is a crucial security control.

Awareness and training programs

help employees understand and implement security measures, reducing the risk of security breaches

firewall

is a specialized device responsible for filtering and monitoring network traffic.

protect networks from unauthorized access and cyber threats by enforcing security policies.

Asset Management Report

provides an inventory of network-connected equipment.

These reports help in tracking hardware assets, managing resources, and planning for upgrades or replacements

Implementation

in capacity management, it involves introducing changes or new capacity to meet new requirements.

This process ensures that systems can handle increased workloads and evolving business needs.

Active RFID Tags

has battery-supplied power, allowing it to transmit signals over longer distances.

These tags are used in applications requiring extended read ranges and continuous operation.

Control Unit

in a CPU. it coordinates the activities of other components within the computer.

It directs the operation