Exam 1 Quizes Neuropsychology

Chapter 1: Who first presented compelling evidence that the nervous system is composed of individual cells and is not a "nerve net"?

Golgi

Hughlings-Jackon

Ramón y Cajal

Goltz

Hughlings-Jackon

Chapter 1: According to Descartes, which human brain structure was the locus of the mind?

prefrontal lobe

pineal body

medial forebrain bundle

cerebellum

pineal body

Chapter 1: From studying several cases of brain damage, who proposed that speech was located in the third convolution of the left frontal lobe?

Carl Wernicke

Paul Broca

Jean Baptiste Bouillaud

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Paul Broca

Chapter 1: Gall and Spurzheim were the first to propose the general theory that _____.

different parts of the brain had different functions

brains were composed of individual units called neurons

people use only a small fraction of their brains

head circumference is positively correlated with intelligence

different parts of the brain had different functions

Chapter 1: If someone believes in a material brain that interacts with a nonmaterial mind, that person would be BEST called a _____.

monist

philosopher

dualist

psychologist

dualist

Chapter 1: A cranioscopy was used for which purpose?

to surgically remove parts of the cerebral cortex

to excise subdural hematomas from the meninges of the brain

to measure the bumps and depressions of the skull

to observe the anatomical structures of an individual in a manner similar to the CAT scanner

to measure the bumps and depressions of the skull

Chapter 1: Which subdivision of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for the transmission of sensory signals from the body to the contralateral side of the brain?

somatic

autonomic

spinal

parasympathetic

somatic

Chapter 1: So-called fluent aphasia, associated with damage to the left temporal lobe, was first accurately described and located by _____.

Marc Dax

Paul Broca

Carl Wernicke

Pierre Marie

Carl Wernicke

Chapter 28: The Wechsler scales are used to assess _____.

motor performance

intelligence

epilepsy

presence of tumors

intelligence

Chapter 28: The emergence of _____ in the 1990s produced a dramatic change in the theoretical understanding of brain and cognition.

better cut-off scores

more sophisticated test batteries

cognitive neuroscience

problem-solving tests

cognitive neuroscience

Chapter 28: Which is NOT part of the Boston Process Approach?

the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test

the Consonant trigrams test

the Proteus Maze Test

the Luria-Nebraska Battery

the Luria-Nebraska Battery

Chapter 28: Warrington and her colleagues found that lesions of the _____ hemisphere depress verbal IQs.

left

right

left

Chapter 28: Which of the following tests is BEST suited to evaluate a patient for right-hemisphere dysfunction?

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test

consonant trigrams test

Rey Complex-Figure Test

a test of verbal fluency

Rey Complex-Figure Test

Chapter 28: Household income predicts _____.

IQ scores only

achievement scores only

both IQ and achievement scores

neither IQ nor achievement scores

both IQ and achievement scores

Chapter 28: Identify the methodology MOST commonly used to evaluate a patient for epilepsy.

MRI

EEG

CT

CANTAB

EEG

Chapter 28: The FSIQ has a mean of _____ and a standard deviation of _____.

100;5

110;15

100;20

100;15

100;15

Chapter 28: The CANTAB is a _____ neuropsychological test battery.

composite

nonstandardized

computerized

standardized

computerized

Chapter 28: Cernich and colleagues developed a new battery of test designed for _____ in regards to concussions in sports.

surveillance and management

diagnosis and rehabilitation

identifying hemispheric asymmetries

evaluation of diffuse versus focal injury

surveillance and management

Chapter 3: Match each of the given terms that is used when mapping the nervous system with the term that is its opposite: ventral-_____; medial-_____; ipsilateral-_____.

lateral; coronal; caudal

dorsal; lateral; contralateral

caudal; dorsal; dorsolateral

anterior; rostral; coronal

dorsal; lateral; contralateral

Chapter 3: Which is NOT a part of the adult brain of fish, amphibians, and reptiles?

the rhombencephalon

the myelencephalon

the prosencephalon

the mesencephalon

the myelencephalon

Chapter 3: The _____ is located in the epithalamus.

hippocampus

pineal body

septum

pituitary gland

pineal body

Chapter 3: The _____ is NOT part of the basal ganglia.

putamen

globus pallidus

caudate nucleus

hippocampus.

hippocampus.

Chapter 3: Which is NOT one of the meninges, the protective coverings over the central nervous system?

the pia mater

the arachnoid layer

the vermis layer

the dura mater

the vermis layer

Chapter 3: Which type of cell is responsible for axonal insulation within the brain?

astrocytes

ependymal cells

Schwann cells

oligodendroglia cells

oligodendroglia cells

Chapter 3: Clefts in the neocortex are called _____.

sulci

gyri

aqueducts

ventricles

sulci

Chapter 3: Which type of cranial nerve is NOT involved in the control of eye movements?

vagus

oculomotor

trochlear

abducens

vagus

Chapter 10: In Luria's theory of cortical function, the frontal lobe is viewed as the _____.

reentry point

motor unit

sensory register

movement lexicon

motor unit

Chapter 10:_____ bring information to an area of the cortex and terminate in relatively discrete cortical regions.

Specific afferents

Nonspecific afferents

Cortical efferents

Cortical layers

Specific afferents

Chapter 10: Blobs" in the cerebral cortex have a role in _____.

color perception

visual tracking

the location of visual objects

achromatic contrast processing

color perception

Chapter 10: When its brain is injured in such a way that the hindbrain and spinal cord are still connected but both are disconnected from the rest of the brain, an animal is called _____.

diencephalic

decorticate

low decerebrate

high decerebrate

low decerebrate

Chapter 10: The _____ is critically important in maintaining bodily homeostasis.

spinal cord

thalamus

hypothalamus

frontal cortex

hypothalamus

Chapter 10: Behavioral changes similar to those of people who enter a persistent vegetative state (PVS) are also seen in _____ animals.

decorticate

low decerebrate

high decerebrate

diencephalic

low decerebrate

Chapter 10: The deepest layer of the cerebral cortex is given the Roman numeral _____.

I

III

IV

VI

VI

Chapter 10: The individual who first studied the development of myelin in the cortex was _____.

Bard

Gamper

Flechsig

Luria

Flechsig

Chapter 4: The phrase "Halle Berry neurons" refers to _____.

the most attractive neurons in the brain

the neurons responsible for identifying people

the neurons that are the last to break down with old age

the implication that people have separate neurons for detecting and representing every object

the implication that people have separate neurons for detecting and representing every object

Chapter 4: The flow of information through a neuron _____.

starts with the dendrites and ends with the terminal button

starts with the axon and ends with the dendrites

starts with the terminal button and ends with the dendrites

starts with the dendrites and ends with the axon

starts with the dendrites and ends with the terminal button

Chapter 4: Which ion form is the most appropriate match for potassium ion?

Cl-

A-

Na+

K+

K+

Chapter 4: The "power plants" of the cell, which provide most of the energy for cell functions, are the _____.

Golgi bodies

0endoplasmic reticula

mitochondria

lysosomes

mitochondria

Chapter 4: The _____ carries the message across the synapse.

axon

dendrite

neurotransmitter

mRNA

neurotransmitter

Chapter 4: Which ion form is the most appropriate match for hyperpolarization?

Cl-

A-

Na+

K+

Cl-

Chapter 4: Tubules are primarily concerned with _____.

protein transport

degradation of foreign substances

providing energy to the cell

transcribing base-pair sequences from nuclear DNA

protein transport

Chapter 4: The nucleus _____.

regulates the materials that enter and leave the cell domain

is where the cell's protein products are assembled

is where the cell's protein blueprints are stored and copied

is an extension of the nuclear membrane

is where the cell's protein blueprints are stored and copied

Chapter 5: Synapses where an axon releases a neurotransmitter directly into the blood are called _____ synapses.

Question options:

axomuscular

axosomatic

axoextracellular

axosecretory

axosecretory

Chapter 5: The _____ activating system is believed to be related to obsessive-compulsive disorder.

serotonergic

dopaminergic

cholinergic

noradrenergic

serotonergic

Chapter 5: During which step of neurotransmission is a neurotransmitter transported to the presynaptic membrane?

inactivation

release

receptor action

synthesis

release

Chapter 5: Which experimental criterion is NOT used to identify a chemical as a neurotransmitter?

A substance must contain an amine group.

The chemical can be introduced into the synapse artificially to produce a response.

The chemical must be synthesized in or present in the neuron.

The chemical must be released when the neuron is active.

A substance must contain an amine group.

Chapter 5: The substance that Otto Loewi found to accelerate the heart was later identified as _____.

glutamate

acetylcholine

epinephrine

Vagusstoff

epinephrine

Chapter 5: Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by the drug Viagra?

met-enkephalin

acetylcholine

dopamine

nitric oxide

nitric oxide

Chapter 5: Which neurotransmitter is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

histamine

acetylcholine

dopamine

nitric oxide

dopamine

Chapter 5: Which ion is mainly responsible for transmitter release?

Ca2+

Na+

K+

Cl-

Ca2+

Chapter 5: Dopamine is synthesized from _____.

tryptophan

tyrosine

glutamate

choline

tyrosine

Chapter 7: Which is NOT an advantage of the PET scan over other imaging methods?

The PET scan can detect the decay of a wide range of radiochemicals.

The PET scan can detect the density of neurotransmitter receptors or the metabolic activities associated with degenerative processes that might be related to aging.

The PET scan can detect the degeneration of myelin that occurs in multiple sclerosis or the degeneration of neurons that occurs in Alzheimer's disease.

The PET scan is widely used for the study of cognitive function.

The PET scan can detect the degeneration of myelin that occurs in multiple sclerosis or the degeneration of neurons that occurs in Alzheimer's disease.

Chapter 7: Which is a method of enhancing conventional X-ray radiography by taking advantage of the fact that X-rays are not absorbed by air?

pneumoencephalography

computerized tomography

positron emission tomography

magnetic resonance imaging

pneumoencephalography

Chapter 7: The use of annihilation events is part of the _____ technique of brain imaging.

PET

MEG

fMRI

EEG

PET

Chapter 7: Which method induces changes in electrical activity in the brain?

electrical recording

brain stimulation

X-ray imaging

dynamic imaging

brain stimulation

Chapter 7: The _____ technique provides excellent resolution but can only be applied with humans in exceptional circumstances.

ERP

single-cell recording

EEG

EKG

single-cell recording

Chapter 7: Which method would be MOST practical in evaluating the depth of anesthesia?

MRI

MEG

EEG

EKG

EEG

Chapter 7: Who developed the first useful EEG methods?

Berger

Aserinsky

Freud

Fox

Berger

Chapter 7: The _____ method of brain imaging involves spinning hydrogen protons.

MEG

MRS

MRI

ERP

MRI