Secondary Three Chemistry - Kinetic Particle Theory

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the Kinetic Particle Theory, focusing on the properties, changes of state, and diffusion related to particles.

What does the Kinetic Particle Theory state about matter?

All matter consists of extremely tiny particles that are in constant random motion.

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles when a substance is heated?

The kinetic energy of the particles increases, causing them to vibrate or move faster.

What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?

Particles are very closely packed in an orderly or regular manner.

What happens to the spacing between particles when a solid melts?

Particles gain enough energy to move further apart.

What process occurs when a solid transforms into a liquid?

Melting.

What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?

Boiling or evaporation.

How does condensation occur?

Gas particles lose kinetic energy and are drawn closer together by attractive forces.

What is diffusion?

The net movement of particles from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.

Which factor affects the rate of diffusion in gases?

Relative molecular mass; lighter gases diffuse faster.

What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?

Boiling occurs at the boiling point and throughout the liquid, while evaporation occurs below the boiling point and only at the surface.