CH-101 Applied Chemistry Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts from the CH-101 Applied Chemistry lecture notes, including definitions related to solutions and their properties.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution, usually present in a smaller amount.

Solvent

The substance in which the solute is dissolved, usually present in a larger amount.

Saturated Solution

A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a specified temperature.

Unsaturated Solution

A solution that contains less solute than the saturation level.

Supersaturated Solution

A solution that contains more solute than the saturation point, often achieved by increasing temperature or pressure.

Concentrated Solution

A solution that contains a large quantity of solute in a given volume of solvent.

Dilute Solution

A solution that contains a small quantity of solute in a large volume of solvent.

Aqueous Solution

A solution in which water is the solvent.

Energetics of Solution Formation

The study of the energy changes that occur during the formation of a solution, involving solvation processes.

Solvation

The process by which solute particles become surrounded by solvent molecules, also known as hydration when the solvent is water.

Endothermic Process

A process that absorbs heat, resulting in a positive change in enthalpy (ΔH > 0).

Exothermic Process

A process that releases heat, resulting in a negative change in enthalpy (ΔH < 0).