Biology 1.1

Spontaneous Generation Theory

Spontaneous Generation Theory

The belief that life can arise spontaneously from inanimate matter.

Francesco Redi

An Italian scientist who disproved the spontaneous generation theory by performing an experiment that refuted the idea that maggots arise spontaneously from meat.

Louis Pasteur

A French chemist who conclusively disproved the spontaneous generation theory with his famous swan-necked flask experiment, proposing that life can only come from preexisting life forms.

Cell

The smallest structure that can perform all activities required to sustain life, including metabolism, homeostasis, and reproduction.

Robert Hooke

A British scientist who used a simple microscope to examine a thin slice of oak tree bark called cork, observing blocks of tiny packets that make up the cork and calling them cells.

Surface Area to Volume Ratio

The ratio of a cell's surface area to its volume, which affects the efficiency of the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.

Homeostasis

An organism's ability to maintain a constant internal state, involving constant adjustments as internal and external conditions change.

Acquisition and Utilization of Energy

The process by which cells acquire energy from nutrients in food and convert it into more usable forms to drive cellular functions and processes.

Responsiveness to Environment

The ability of cells to respond to various signals and changes in their environment, which is related to maintaining homeostasis.

Protection and Support

The function of cells in protecting and supporting their internal environment, often through the formation of linings and specialized cells that defend against pathogens and foreign bodies.

Cell Theory

The scientific theory that states that all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells can only come from preexisting cells.

Matthias Schleiden

A German botanist who stated that the cell is the fundamental structure of life.

Theodor Schwann

A German physician who proposed that all living organisms are made up of cells.

Zacharias Janssen

The discovery of the cell as the basic unit of life involves different sciantists Hans lanssen and his son. Zacharias Janssen, inventad the first primitive microscope which was used to view microscopic cells,

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was the fist to see and describe microorganisms from a drop of water by using his self-made practical microscope

Theodor Schwann

Theodor Schwann is also a proponent of cell theory who stated that all organisms are made up of cells.

Rudolf Virchow

Rudolf Virchow another proponent of the cell theory who stated that cells come from preexisting cels. Through successive cell division, many cells can be produced from a single cell.

Living organisms are divided into six kingdoms

Kingdom Archea, Kingdom Eubacteria, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom of Plantae, Kingdom Animalia

Binary fission

Cells can only come from preexisting cells similar to how bacterial and yeast cells produce their daughter cells through

Zygote

Another example is the fusion of an egg cell and a sperm cell to form a fertilized cell called

Regulation of the internal environment

An organism’s ability to keep a constant internal state is called homeostasis.

Homeostasis

Homeostasis involves constant adjustments as the internal and external conditions of the cell continuously change.